The emerging role of serotonin in liver regeneration

Abstract

Serotonin has a multifunctional role in many different organs serving either as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system or a paracrine factor in the gastrointestinal tract. Over 90% of serotonin is synthesised in the enterochromaffin cells of the intestine and subsequently taken up by platelets. The involvement of platelet-derived serotonin in liver mass restoration after partial hepatectomy or toxic injury has been greatly investigated during the last decade. There is a growing body of evidence implicating serotonin in hepatic regeneration through altered expression of serotonin receptor subtypes in the liver. This review article provides a brief overview on the current knowledge about the actions of serotonin in liver regeneration.

Increasing serotonin concentrations alter calcium and energy metabolism in dairy cows

“…Several lines of evidence suggest a role for serotonin in the regulation of energy balance, specifically in relation to glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Serotonin is known to induce hepatic regeneration (Lesurtel et al 2006), glucose secretion from the liver, and insulin secretion by the pancreas (Sugimoto et al 1990, Watanabe et al 2011 as well as liver glucose uptake mechanisms (Moore et al 2004(Moore et al , 2005 and glycogen metabolism (Papadimas et al 2012). Furthermore, serotonin has been shown to regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by the b cells of the pancreas during pregnancy, and it is critical for glucosestimulated insulin secretion in an insulin-resistant state (Ohara-Imaizumi et al 2013, Kim et al 2015.…”

“…Serotonin is thought to mediate hepatic regeneration (Lesurtel et al 2006) as well as glucose and insulin secretion (Sugimoto et al 1990). Studies have shown that serotonin is involved in liver glucose uptake mechanisms (Moore et al 2005) and glycogen metabolism (Papadimas et al 2012). Additionally, serotonin has been shown to be increased in mice that are subjected to fasting conditions, which results in the stimulation of lipolysis and liver gluconeogenesis via the serotonin receptor 2b subtype in adipocytes and hepatocytes (Sumara et al 2012).…”

“…The liver expresses TPH1 and several serotonin receptor subtypes (Papadimas et al 2012). Serotonin is thought to mediate hepatic regeneration (Lesurtel et al 2006) as well as glucose and insulin secretion (Sugimoto et al 1990).…”

Role of Serotonin in the Regulation of Respiration and Bile Secretory Function of the Liver

“…Слід відзначити, що із семи родин серотонінових рецепторів у різних клітинних популяціях печінки найбільш інтенсивно експресуються 5-НТ 2 -рецепто-ри, які опосередковують вплив аутокоїда на метаболічні та регенеративні процеси в тканині цього органа [6][7][8][9]. Нині більшість досліджень гепатотропних ефектів серото-ніну спрямовані на з'ясування його дії на регенерацію і канцерогенез у печінковій тканині [10]. Однак питання впливу цього бі-огенного аміну на секрецію жовчі, як одного із показників, що відображає функціональний стан печінки, є недостатньо вивченим.…”

Thrombocytopenia, Liquor Use and Marijuana are Associated with Noninvasive Markers of Liver Fibrosis in People Living with HIV

“…Then when needed, serotonin is transported and released at sites of injury [10]. Although initially related to liver fibrosis, other studies have implicated the release of serotonin by platelets as a mediator of liver regeneration and repair after partial hepatectomy [9,11,12]. These opposite observations let us with a plethora of unanswered questions that we aim to address in this article.…”