The Efficacy of Prebiotic (β-Glucan) as a Feed Additive against Toxicity of Aflatoxin B1 in Common Carp, Cyprinus Carpio L.

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) and detoxifying these drastic effects by using prebiotics (β-glucan). A total of six treatments were used, including a control diet (G1) that had different combinations of AFB1 and/or 1% β-glucan. This included a diet with only β-glucan (G2), 4 mg AFB1 kg dw -1 diet with β-glucan (G3) or without (G5) and 6 mg AFB1 kg dw -1 diet with β-glucan (G4) or without (G6).These diets were offered 6 days a week at 3% daily of actual biomass in fiberglass aquaria in duplicate (2 aquaria treatment -1 ) for 60 days. Several endpoints at different levels of biological organisations were evaluated. These included DNA damage (using comet assay), haematological parameters, histopathological changes of the liver and kidney were also examined and growth performance. Results revealed significantly increase (P<0.05) of DNA damage in AFB1 groups (G5 and G6) compared to AFB1 plus β-glucan groups (G3 and G4). The haematological parameters showed significant differences between AFB1 groups (G5 and G6) and AFB1 plus β-glucan groups (G3 and G4). Histopathological changes revealed damage to liver and kidney tissues in AFB1 groups. Different levels of AFB1 significantly (P<0.05) affect the final average of fish weight in G5 and G6 compared to G3 and G4. Interestingly specific growth rate (%) of fish was lowered in AFB1 groups (G5 and G6) compared to AFB1 plus 1% β-glucan groups (G3 and G4). In conclusion, β-glucan, found to be a successful agent protected against the genotoxicity induced by AFB1 and effectively alleviate lesions of AFB1. Therefore, obtained results recommended adding 1% β-glucan as fish feed additives.

Effects of dietary barley on rainbow trout exposed to an acute stress challenge

“…The use of β-glucans has been widely studied in aquaculture (Jeney et al 1997, Meena et al 2013, Al-Faragi 2014, Pinedo-Gil et al 2017. β-glucan is one of the most important immunostimulant (Meena et al 2013) and has been widely studied because it plays an important role in immune system (Zeng et al 2016, Miest et al 2016 protecting fish against stress factors (Dawood et al 2015, Zeng et al 2016.…”

Changes of DNA Damage Effect of T-2 or Deoxynivalenol Toxins during Three Weeks Exposure in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Revealed by LORD-Q PCR

“…Until now, many methods were developed to measure the level of DNA damages, as comet assay [ 13 ], repair assisted damage detection [ 21 ], Southern blot analysis [ 22 ], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 23 ], halo assay [ 24 ], and flow and imagecytometry [ 25 ]. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the commonly used and conventional assays is low and measures the DNA damage in a global and sequence-independent way.…”

“…The expression of the gpx4b gene was significantly upregulated on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Comet assay analyses revealed that a significant increase in DNA damage (% tail DNA) occurred by aflatoxin B1 (4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg) in Common carp [ 13 ].…”

The influence of chitosan on immune status and survival rate of Cyprinus carpioL. challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

“…From a scientific point of view, the use of immunostimulants has been suggested to become an alternative way for the prevention and control of various diseases in aquaculture. [7,8,9,10]. Moreover, recently many researchers have been documented that probiotics can provide significant protection against pathogens of shrimp/fish by suppressing the pathogens, enhancing the immunity or improving water quality [7,8].…”