The efficacy and safety of an oil-based vaccine against Photobacterium damsela subsp. piscicida in yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata): A field study

Identification of antigens for the development of a subunit vaccine against Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida

“…The lethal dose was determined prior to each challenge trial with freshly grown bacterium. Our LD 60 was 5 Â 10 7 cfu fish À1 g À1 , was higher than our previously reported 5 Â 10 6 cfu fish À1 g À1 [2,24], and much higher than the 10 4 cfu fish À1 g À1 reported for the same pathogen tested in cold water fish species, such as sole [58] seabass [59,60] and yellowtail [33]. It is possible that warm water cobia might be more resistant to Ph.d.p than other fish species or this pathogen is less potent in warm temperature.…”

“…We previously reported an unanticipated observation that the booster immunization did not increase protective efficacy in a field trial of a multi-valent inactivated whole bacteria vaccine in cobia [33]. In this report, a laboratory trial using antigen, rHSP60, rENOLASE and rGAPDH, serum antibody titer reached a plateau 14 days post-vaccination, and the booster vaccination did not elevate the antibody titer.…”

“…damselae ssp. piscicida causes serious disease and mass mortality in gilthead seabream [29], seabass [30], cobia [2], white perch [31], sole [32], and yellowtail [33], often instigating disease in early winter in Taiwan.…”

Hematology and agglutination titer after polyvalent immunization and subsequent challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Before challenge 11.33 ± 0.58 a 6.04 ± 0.57 a 6.68 ± 0.57 a against Photobacterium damsela piscicida, Gravningen et al (2008) detected increased antibody levels three and four weeks after immunization. Similar to our results, higher antibody levels for two weeks were reported in tilapia vaccinated intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila (Ruangpan et al 1986).…”

Efficacy of a formalin-inactivated vaccine against Streptococcus iniae infection in the farmed grouper Epinephelus coioides by intraperitoneal immunization

“…When the same antigen preparation was administered as either an oil adjuvant or a water-soluble preparation, only the oil-based vaccine conferred protection against Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida [13]. Oil adjuvant is characterized by its ability to hold antigens in a stable form, thus slowing antigens processing and prolonging both tissue retention and the period of immunestimulation [14,15].…”