The effects of mindfulness training on weight-loss and health-related behaviours in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of the effects of 2 mindfulness training interventions on weight-loss and health behaviors in adults with 3 overweight and obesity using meta-analytic techniques. Studies included in the analysis (n = 4 12) were randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of any form of mindfulness 5 training on weight loss, impulsive eating, binge eating, or physical activity participation in 6 adults with overweight and obesity. Random effects meta-analysis revealed that mindfulness 7 training had no significant effect on weight loss, but an overall negative effect on impulsive 8 eating (d = -1.13) and binge eating (d = -.90), and a positive effect on physical activity levels 9 (d = .42). Meta-regression analysis showed that methodological features of included studies 10 accounted for 100% of statistical heterogeneity of the effects of mindfulness training on 11 weight loss (R 2 = 1,00). Among methodological features, the only significant predictor of 12 weight loss was follow-up distance from post-intervention (b = 1.18; p < .05), suggesting that 13 the longer follow-up distances were associated with greater weight loss. Results suggest that 14 mindfulness training has short-term benefits on health-related behaviors. Future studies 15should explore the effectiveness of mindfulness training on long-term post-intervention 16 weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity. 17 18

Environmental risk factors and nonpharmacological and nonsurgical interventions for obesity: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials

“…As shown in Table , we identified 34 unique meta‐analyses of RCTs investigating nonpharmacological interventions for weight loss in obese adults, which were derived from 26 unique references …”

Mindfulness and laboratory eating behavior in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes

“…Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promising preliminary results as a therapeutic modality for disinhibited eating in adults with overweight and obesity and those with T2D (Katterman, Kleinman, Hood, Nackers, & Corsica, 2014; Rogers, Ferrari, Mosely, Lang, & Brennan, 2017; Ruffault et al, 2017). Yet, despite the potential relevance for T2D prevention efforts, there is a paucity of descriptive work to explain how dispositional mindfulness relates to eating behavior, and even less research to understand the possible connection between mindfulness and disinhibited eating in adolescents.…”

Social and environmental enrichment has different effects on ethanol and sucrose consumption in mice

“…Although the results from human studies neither support nor refute the neuroprotective benefits of environmental enrichment, research has recently become focused on developing cognitive training, such as working memory and mindfulness exercises, for attenuating and/ or preventing neuroplastic changes associated with these disorders (Rogers, Ferrari, Mosely, Lang, & Brennan, 2017;Ruffault et al, 2016;Chiesa & Serretti, 2014;Karyadi, VanderVeen, & Cyders, 2014;Lee, An, Levin, & Twohig, 2015;Tang, Tang, & Posner, 2016;Bega, GonzalezLatapi, Zadikoff, & Simuni, 2014;Corbett, Jeffers, Nguemeni, GomezSmith, & Livingston-Thomas, 2015;Milgram, Siwak-Tapp, Araujo, & Head, 2006;Zigmond & Smeyne, 2014).…”