Background: Ant venoms express surface molecules that participate in antigen
presentation involving pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This work aims
to investigate the expression of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on the
polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in rats injected with samsum ant venom
(SAV).Methods: Rats were divided into three groups - control, SAV-treated (intraperitoneal
route, 600 μg/kg), and SAV-treated (subcutaneous route, 600 μg/kg). After
five doses, animals were euthanized and samples collected for analysis.Results: The subcutaneous SAV-trated rats presented decreased levels of glutathione
with increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Intraperitoneal
SAV-treated animals displayed significantly reduced concentrations of both
IFN-γ and IL-17 in comparison with the control group. However,
intraperitoneal and subcutaneous SAV-treated rats were able to upregulate
the expressions of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on PMNs in comparison with the
control respectively. The histological examination showed severe lymphocyte
depletion in the splenic white pulp of the intraperitoneal SAV-injected
rats.Conclusion: Stimulation of PMNs by SAV leads to upregulation of MHC-II, CD 80, and CD 86,
which plays critical roles in antigen presentation and consequently
proliferation of T-cells. Subcutaneous route was more efficient than
intraperitoneal by elevating MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 expression, disturbing
oxidative stability and increasing lipogram concentration.