Samsum ant venom modulates the immune response and redox status at the acute toxic dose in vivo

Abstract

Background: Ant venoms express surface molecules that participate in antigen presentation involving pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This work aims to investigate the expression of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on the polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in rats injected with samsum ant venom (SAV).Methods: Rats were divided into three groups - control, SAV-treated (intraperitoneal route, 600 μg/kg), and SAV-treated (subcutaneous route, 600 μg/kg). After five doses, animals were euthanized and samples collected for analysis.Results: The subcutaneous SAV-trated rats presented decreased levels of glutathione with increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Intraperitoneal SAV-treated animals displayed significantly reduced concentrations of both IFN-γ and IL-17 in comparison with the control group. However, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous SAV-treated rats were able to upregulate the expressions of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on PMNs in comparison with the control respectively. The histological examination showed severe lymphocyte depletion in the splenic white pulp of the intraperitoneal SAV-injected rats.Conclusion: Stimulation of PMNs by SAV leads to upregulation of MHC-II, CD 80, and CD 86, which plays critical roles in antigen presentation and consequently proliferation of T-cells. Subcutaneous route was more efficient than intraperitoneal by elevating MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 expression, disturbing oxidative stability and increasing lipogram concentration.

Anti-inflammatory activities of arthropod peptides: a systematic review

“… Animal (Source) Peptide Access number Activity as inflammatory mediator Ref. Insect Pseudomyrmex triplarinus Pseudomyrmecitoxin-Pt1 subunit LS1 P0DSL7 Antidematogenic effect [ 19 - 21 ] Pseudomyrmecitoxin-Pt1 subunit SS3 P0DSM1 Pseudomyrmecitoxin-Pt1 subunit LS2 P0DSL8 Pseudomyrmecitoxin-Pt1 subunit SS2 P0SDM0 U1-pseudomyrmecitoxin-Pt1 subunit SS1 P0DSL9 Paraponera clavata Delta-paraponeritoxin-Pc1a P41736 Edema reduction, antinociceptive [ 22 ] Dinoponera quadríceps Venom peptides (Extract) C0HJK0 Suppression of inflammatory mediators [ 23 - 26 ] Brachyponera sennaarensisare Venom peptides (Extract) - Regulate the expression of MHC-II, CD80 y CD-86, IFN-γ and IL-17 [ 28 , 29 ] Pachycondyla sennaarensis Venom peptides (Extract) - Regulate NF-kB, kinase IkB, TNF-α and Fas ...…”

“…The Brachyponera sennaarensisare (Samsum ant) ant-derived toxins modulate not only pain but also the immune response. The B. sennaarensisare toxins regulate the expression of MHC-II, CD80, and CD-86, as well as interferon- γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), mediators that are involved in various chronic pathologies and cancer as demonstrated after in vivo tests [ 28 ]. Furthermore, these peptides can regulate the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), kinase IkB upward, and suppress nuclear transcription factor-α (TNF-α) and the cell surface death receptor (Fas), although the mechanism involved in anti-inflammatory activity has not been fully elucidated [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Shedding Lights on Crude Venom from Solitary Foraging Predatory Ant Ectatomma opaciventre: Initial Toxinological Investigation

“…This lack of data in ants is mainly due to the limited amount of venom that can be obtained from a single ant as well as the laborious dissection and extraction of the venom, especially in solitary foraging ants, as the capture is completed individually, instead of by entire colonies, like ants as previously reported in the Solenopsis genus [12]. Despite the limitations, interest in ant venoms has increased in recent years with interesting actions being reported as antiparasitic, antimicrobial, and antinociceptive action on Dinoponera quadriceps venom [13][14][15], insecticidal activity on Manica rubida venom [16], and modulation of immune response and redox balance in vivo by the Brachyponera sennaarensis venom [17].…”