The Effects of Hydrocortisone on Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure and Urinary Protein Excretion in Dogs

Schellenberg, Stefan; Mettler, Maik; Gentilini, Fabio; Portmann, Reto; Glaus, T M; Reusch, Claudia E

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.0039.x

Cited by 58 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Suggested mechanisms include hemodynamic factors, interaction of GC with vaso-active hormones and catabolic effects leading to an increase in plasma amino acids, which in turn augments RPF and GFR [43], [44]. Glucocorticoids can also mediate GFR changes through an increased blood pressure, leading to a higher intraglomerular pressure, although they do not always cause hypertension in dogs [10]. However, blood pressure measurements were not available in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After baseline sampling (T0), the control group received a gelatin capsule containing lactose and the HC-group received a capsule containing lactose and a median dose of 9.6 mg/kg HC (range from 8.7 to 11.0 mg/kg) every 12 hours (h). Hydrocortisone was used because it is the synthetic glucocorticoid most closely resembling endogenous cortisol and dosage was based on two previous publications [10], [11]. Dogs were monitored for development of clinical signs of GC excess such as polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia, and for skin abnormalities using a scoring sheet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, many experiments included young animals [10], [11]. Aging itself has marked effects on renal structure and function in humans, but also in laboratory animals, dogs and cats [12], [13], [14], [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Renal Function and Morphology in Aged Beagle Dogs Before and after Hydrocortisone Administration

et al. 2012

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Objectives of this study were to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal structural changes and proteinuria in aged Beagle dogs before and after hydrocortisone (HC) administration. Eleven Beagle dogs ≥10 years old were treated with either hydrocortisone (HC group, n = 6) or placebo (control group, n = 5). Urinary markers, GFR and kidney biopsies were evaluated before (T0), during (T16 wks) and after discontinuing HC administration (T24 wks). Results indicate that HC administration causes a significant increase in GFR. At all time points except T16 wks, proteinuria was higher in the control group than in the HC group, and there was no significant difference in urinary markers between groups. At T16 wks, proteinuria, urinary albumin-to-creatinine (c) ratio, immunoglobulin G/c and retinol-binding protein/c were higher compared to baseline in the HC group. At T0, rare to mild renal lesions were detected in all HC dogs and rare to moderate changes in all control dogs. Glomerulosclerosis progressed in both groups until T24 wks. Tubular atrophy was detected in three HC dogs at T16 wks and T24 wks, but also in five control dogs throughout the study. At every time point, five HC dogs and all control dogs had rare to moderate interstitial inflammation. Rare to mild interstitial fibrosis was found in up to three HC dogs at T16 wks and T24 wks, and severe fibrosis in one HC dog at T24 wks. Up to four control dogs had rare to mild fibrosis at all time points. These findings indicate that clinically healthy, aged Beagle dogs may have considerable renal lesions and proteinuria, which could have implications for experimental or toxicological studies. Additional research is needed to elucidate glucocorticoid effects on renal structure, but functional changes such as hyperfiltration and proteinuria warrant attention to kidney function of canine patients with Cushing's syndrome or receiving exogenous glucocorticoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Renal Function and Morphology in Aged Beagle Dogs Before and after Hydrocortisone Administration

et al. 2012

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“…These complications are commonly seen in both human and canine patients with Cushing's syndrome [1,16,18,19]. Glomerular changes and subsequently, increases in urinary protein excretion were found with chronic glucocorticoid use [33,34]. These may explain the disassociation between albuminuria and blood pressure in these dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

2010

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BackgroundHypertension and proteinuria are medical complications associated with the multisystemic effects of long-term hypercortisolism in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).MethodsThis study investigated the relationships among adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulation test results, systemic blood pressure, and microalbuminuria in clinically-healthy dogs (n = 100), in dogs affected with naturally occurring pituitary-dependent (PDH; n = 40), or adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (ADH; n = 30).ResultsMean systemic blood pressure was similar between clinically healthy dogs and dogs with HAC (p = 0.803). However the incidence of hypertension was highest in dogs with ADH (p = 0.017), followed by dogs with PDH, with the lowest levels in clinically healthy dogs (p = 0.019). Presence of microalbuminuria and albuminuria in clinically healthy dogs and dogs affected with HAC was significantly different (p < 0.001); incidences of albuminuria followed the same pattern of hypertension; highest incidence in dogs with ADH, and lowest level in clinically healthy dogs; but microalbuminuria showed a different pattern: clinically healthy dogs had highest incidences and dogs with ADH had lowest incidence. The presence of albuminuria was not associated with blood pressure values, regardless of whether dogs were clinically healthy or affected with ADH or PDH (p = 0.306).ConclusionsHigher incidence of hypertension and albuminuria, not microalbuminuria was seen in dogs affected with HAC compared to clinically healthy dogs; incidence of hypertension and albuminuria was significantly higher in dogs affected with ADH compared to PDH. However, presence of albuminuria was not correlated with systemic blood pressure.

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“…Hypertension could contribute to progression of renal damage, causing glomerulosclerosis as proteinuria and glomerular disease may occur in the majority of dogs with chronic kidney disease and systemic hypertension (Schellenberg et al 2008, Bacic et al 2010, Reusch et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urine protein electrophoresis study in dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism during therapy with trilostane

et al. 2017

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RESUMO.-[Avaliação da proteína urinária por eletroforese em cães com hiperadrenocorticismo hipófise dependente durante a terapia com trilostano.] Hiperadrenocorticismo (HAC) é uma das doenças endócrinas mais comuns em cães. A hipercortisolemia crônica pode causar danos glomerulares, pelo aumento da taxa de filtração glomerular, podendo levar ao desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica. Este estudo avaliou nove cães normotensos com hiperadrenocorticismo hipófise-dependente, antes e após a terapia com trilostano, durante o período de acompanhamento de seis meses, a fim de investigar o desenvolvimento de proteinúria patológica por métodos quantitativo (relação proteína e creatinina urinária) e qualitativos (eletroforese de proteínas urinárias) e também para monitorar a sua intensidade ao longo do curso da doença e terapia. A principal lesão renal detectada em cães com HAC foi no segmento tubular, evidenciada pela prevalência de bandas de proteínas urinárias de peso molecular mais baixo, indicando a falta de absorção destas proteínas no segmento proximal do néfron. A proteinúria de baixo peso molecular persistiu durante todo o acompanhamento. Em relação ao futuro da rotina clínica médica veterinária no tratamento de cães com hiperadrenocorticismo, as avaliações de proteinúria pela relação proteína e creatinina urinária e eletro- Hyperadrenocorticism is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs. Regarding to the kidneys, chronic hypercortisolemia can cause damage to the glomerulus, and evolve into chronic kidney disease. This study evaluated nine normotensive dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism, before and after therapy with trilostane, during the follow-up period of six months, in order to investigate the development of pathological proteinuria by quantitative (urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio) and qualitative (urinary protein electrophoresis) methods, and also to monitor its intensity over the course of the disease and therapy. The main renal lesion detected in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism was in the tubular segment, evidenced by the prevalence of urinary protein bands of lower molecular weight, indicating the lack absorption of these proteins in the proximal segment of the nephron. Low molecular weight proteins persisted throughout the follow-up. Regarding the future of routine veterinary medical clinic in the care of patients with hyperadrenocorticism, the assessments of proteinuria determinations by the urinary protein-to-creatinin ratio and urinary protein electrophoresis, according to the results obtained in this study, can add more information about the renal damage in these animals, and contribute to the prognosis. 735 Urine protein electrophoresis study in dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism during therapy with trilostane forese de proteínas urinárias, de acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo, podem adicionar mais informações sobre a lesão renal nestes animais e contribuir para o prognóstico.

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The Effects of Hydrocortisone on Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure and Urinary Protein Excretion in Dogs

Cited by 58 publications

References 47 publications

Renal Function and Morphology in Aged Beagle Dogs Before and after Hydrocortisone Administration

Renal Function and Morphology in Aged Beagle Dogs Before and after Hydrocortisone Administration

Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Urine protein electrophoresis study in dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism during therapy with trilostane

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