Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

Abstract

BackgroundHypertension and proteinuria are medical complications associated with the multisystemic effects of long-term hypercortisolism in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).MethodsThis study investigated the relationships among adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulation test results, systemic blood pressure, and microalbuminuria in clinically-healthy dogs (n = 100), in dogs affected with naturally occurring pituitary-dependent (PDH; n = 40), or adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (ADH; n = 30).ResultsMean systemic blood pressure was similar between clinically healthy dogs and dogs with HAC (p = 0.803). However the incidence of hypertension was highest in dogs with ADH (p = 0.017), followed by dogs with PDH, with the lowest levels in clinically healthy dogs (p = 0.019). Presence of microalbuminuria and albuminuria in clinically healthy dogs and dogs affected with HAC was significantly different (p < 0.001); incidences of albuminuria followed the same pattern of hypertension; highest incidence in dogs with ADH, and lowest level in clinically healthy dogs; but microalbuminuria showed a different pattern: clinically healthy dogs had highest incidences and dogs with ADH had lowest incidence. The presence of albuminuria was not associated with blood pressure values, regardless of whether dogs were clinically healthy or affected with ADH or PDH (p = 0.306).ConclusionsHigher incidence of hypertension and albuminuria, not microalbuminuria was seen in dogs affected with HAC compared to clinically healthy dogs; incidence of hypertension and albuminuria was significantly higher in dogs affected with ADH compared to PDH. However, presence of albuminuria was not correlated with systemic blood pressure.

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Urinary biomarkers of renal function in dogs and cats: a review

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Treatment of canine generalized demodicosis associated with hyperadrenocorticism with spot-on moxidectin and imidacloprid

“…Diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism had been based on clinical signs (such as polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, decreased activity level, panting, a pot-bellied appearance, excessive hair loss or alopecia in general, chronic pyoderma) and the results of routine serum biochemical analyses (such as elevation of hepatic enzyme activities), affirmative adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test results and adrenal ultrasonographic images [12]. Stabilized hyperadrenocorticism was defined as alleviation of clinical signs (polydipsia and/or polyuria, activity level and panting) and reduced excretion of post-ACTH cortisol within the therapeutic range (< 10 μg/dL) after four weeks of trilostane treatment.…”