The effects of dietary Selenium-yeast level on glutathione peroxidase activity, tissue Selenium content, growth performance, and carcass and meat quality of broilers

Abstract

The present study was conducted to assess effects of selenium (Se)-yeast supplementation on glutathione peroxidase activity, Se levels in tissues, growth performance, carcass, and meat composition in broilers. A total of 275 one-d-old Cobb 500 broilers of both sexes were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments during a 42-d period. The 5 treatments differed only in Se content: group 1 had no additional Se (background only); groups 2, 3, and 4 received 0.3 mg/kg of added Se from the beginning of the trial until d 21, whereas in the second half of the study (from d 22 to 42), these groups received 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mg/kg of added Se, respectively; and group 5 received 0.9 mg/kg of Se for the entire experimental period. At the end of the study, the control group showed significantly lower (P < 0.01) glutathione peroxidase activity in blood plasma compared to Se-supplemented groups. Regarding Se concentration in various tissues, the groups receiving Se yeast showed higher plasma, feces, and meat Se contents than the control group (P < 0.01). Supplementation of Se improved broilers' body weight, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01). Dressing percentage was lower in the control group and the group with 0.3 mg/kg of added Se compared to other experimental groups (0.6 and 0.9 mg/kg of dietary Se). The proportion of less valuable carcass parts (wings and legs) was higher (P < 0.01) in the group fed the basal diet compared to groups supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg of Se. Initial and ultimate pH values differed among experimental groups (P < 0.05). Supplementation of Se improved the broiler's antioxidative resistance, growth performance, carcass quality, and chemical composition of meat.

Selenium source and level on performance, selenium retention and biochemical responses of young broiler chicks

“…Nonetheless, despite such essentiality, our outcomes revealed that neither supplemental Se level nor Se source (SS and SY) seemed to have a remarkable effect on growing chick performance. Such outcomes support previous research findings that Se supplementation, regardless of the source (inorganic or organic), does not affect broiler performance traits [3,[17][18][19], but differ from those reported by Choct et al [2], Cemin et al [22], and Markovic et al [27] who observed positive effects of Se supplementation in growing chick BW and/or FCR. Establishing optimal in-feed Se supplementation for growing broilers has been 3 Interactive effects between selenium and trace minerals sources and selenium levels 4 Linear effect of supplementation selenium levels 5 Quadratic effect of supplementation selenium levels 6 Sum of the Se content in the feathers and carcass 7 Whole body Se in the birds in the beginning of the experiment: 0.0027 mg Se/kg A-B Different uppercase letters in the same line are different by Tukey test at 5% e Different superscripts letter indicates difference in the orthogonal contrasts between equations revealed to be particularly challenging, since estimates may be affected by several factors, such as Se source, the concentration and source of the other trace minerals in experimental diets, as well as Se concentration in feed ingredients, which may range to great extent due to Se content in soil [22] In the current research, even though the amount of Se provided by the basal diets was lower than the requirement estimate from NRC [21] for growing chicks (0.123 and 0.131 vs. 0.150 mg Se/kg), such concentrations were sufficient to allow growth rates similar to those in chicks fed the highest Se levels under study.…”

Effects of selenium source and level in diet on glutathione peroxidase activity, tissue selenium distribution, and growth performance in poultry

“…The advantages of organic Se compared with inorganic Se have now been reported in numerous meat-enrichment studies in poultry (Choct et al, 2004;Payne and Southern, 2005;Marković et al, 2008Marković et al, , 2010. Organic Se is mostly used in the form of Se-enriched yeast (Briens et al, 2013;Baltić et al, 2015Baltić et al, , 2016Marković et al, 2018) or in other preparations, such as Se chelate (Chadio et al, 2015), proteinates (Leeson et al, 2008), pure Se-Met (Wang et al, 2011) or a new organic Se source, which is a selenomethionine hydroxyanalogue, 2-hydroxy-4methylselenobutanoic acid or HMSeBA (Briens et al, 2013(Briens et al, , 2014. HMSeBA is fully converted into selenomethionine and selenocysteine and shows higher relative bioavailability through muscle Se enrichment compared with other sources of Se (Briens et al, 2013(Briens et al, , 2014.…”

“…A consistent improvement in Se accumulation was observed from organic Se sources compared with SS or control diet (Briens et al ., 2013). Thus, higher Se concentrations in plasma and various tissues were found by many authors after organic Se was incorporated into diets compared with inorganic Se (Kuricova et al ., 2003; Choct et al ., 2004; Payne and Southern, 2005; Pan et al ., 2007; Leeson et al ., 2008; Marković et al ., 2008, 2018; Perić et al ., 2009; Heindl et al ., 2010; Wang et al ., 2011; Briens et al ., 2013, 2014; Chen et al ., 2014). The effects of different Se levels and sources in the diet on the accumulation of Se in tissues are summarized in Table 1.…”

Recent advances in the effects and mechanism of selenium on the quality of domestic animal products

“…不同动物甚至相 同动物的饲料中添加硒对肌肉脂肪及脂肪酸组成产生 的作用截然相反的原因还有待进一步探讨. 关于硒对 肌肉蛋白含量的影响结果则比较一致, 大量研究发现, 不同硒源均可提高不同动物肌肉中的蛋白含量 [14,26] .…”

“…这一结果 为节约饲料成本提供了参考. 在肉鸡不同生长阶段添 加不同水平酵母硒发现, 饲料中添加不同水平硒均可 显著提高屠宰率和胴体中胸肌所占比例, 且生长后期 (第22~42天)添加酵母硒(0.9 mg/kg)的作用更加显 著 [14] . 近期研究表明, 酵母硒(0.3 mg/kg)可提高山羊屠 宰率、胴体重和腿重 [15] , 且饲养方式(群养或单独饲 养)不影响硒对屠宰性能的改善作用 [16] .…”