The effects of chard on brain damage in valproic acid‐induced toxicity

Tunalı, Sevim; Cimen, Esra Sule; Yanardağ, Refiye

doi:10.1111/jfbc.13382

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…[ 29 ] We observed reduced GSH levels in brain samples of VPA administered group. In parallel to our findings, Chaudhary and Parvez [ 30 ] and Tunali et al [ 31 ] reported diminished GSH levels in their studies. These negative changes in GSH levels may be explained by the ROS elevating effect of VPA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of vitamin B₆on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

Türkyılmaz

Altaş

Arisan

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Valproic acid (VPA) is an efficient antiepileptic drug widely used for the treatment of epilepsy and other seizures in both children and adults. It is also reported to have side and toxic effects on many organs and tissues. Vitamin B 6 (Vit B 6 ) is a welldescribed water-soluble vitamin, which has an antioxidant effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Vit B 6 on VPA-induced brain injury.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Group I, control animals;Group II, Vit B 6 (50 mg/kg/day) given rats; Group III, VPA (500 mg/kg/day) given rats; Group IV, VPA and Vit B 6 given rats at same dose and time. VPA and Vit B 6 were administered intraperitoneally and orally, respectively, for 7 days. At the end of the experiments, the rats were sacrificed and brain tissues were taken. Protein carbonyl and sialic acid levels, xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase, acetylcholine esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase activities, total oxidant status, and reactive oxygen species levels were found to be increased, while glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-Stransferase, paraoxonase, and glutathione reductase activities were found to be decreased in the VPA group. Administration of Vit B 6 reversed these defects in the VPA group. These findings indicate that Vit B 6 has a protective effect on VPAinduced brain damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of vitamin B₆on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

Türkyılmaz

Altaş

Arisan

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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“…An increased XO activity and elevated PC levels may be the result of the toxic mechanism of VPA triggering oxidative stress in the lungs. [60,82] This may be due to oxidative stress, which could provoke activation of NF-κB that is a major inducer for classically activated proinflammatory macrophages, and COX-2 which regulates proinflammatory eicosanoids formation by promoting lung inflammation. [25] These results were consistent with previously published articles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

Bayrak

Yılmaz

Cakmak

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether edaravone (EDA) has a protective role against valproic acid (VPA)-induced lung damage via its antioxidative activity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were split into four groups. Control (n = 8) rats; rats given EDA (30 mg kg −1 day −1 ; n = 10); rats given only (VPA, 500 mg kg −1 day −1 ; n = 10); rats given VPA + EDA (in the same dose and time) for 7 days. EDA and VPA were applied intraperitoneally. After 8 days, lung tissues were immediately taken from the rats. In lung homogenates, reduced glutathione, total antioxidant status levels, and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, sodium/potassium ATPase, paraoxonase1, and carbonic anhydrase activities significantly abated, whereas catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase activities insignificantly decreased in the VPA-treated group. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, and total oxidant status levels, glycoprotein and protein carbonyl contents, nitric oxide, hydroxyproline levels, and xanthine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, arginase, and prolidase activities significantly increased in the VPA-given group. Administration of EDA caused the reverse effects. As a consequence, EDA prevented oxidative stress-mediated lung injury via its robust antioxidant effects.

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“…In the literature, there are various studies examining the effect of chard and parsley on the brain tissue of control group animals, but the BM has not been studied (Allam et al, 2016; Maodaa et al, 2016; Tunali et al, 2020). Thus, in the present study, we designed only the control + BM group to minimize animal use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of possible neuroprotective effects of some plant extracts on brain in bile duct ligated rats

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effects of bitter melon (BM), chard, and parsley extracts on oxidative damage that may occur in the brain of rats with bile duct ligation (BDL)‐induced biliary cirrhosis. It was observed that lipid peroxidation (LPO), sialic acid (SA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels increased; glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT) activity, and tissue factor (TF) activity decreased significantly in the BDL group. However, in groups with BDL given BM, chard, and parsley extracts LPO, SA, NO levels decreased; GSH levels and CAT activities increased significantly. No significant differences were observed between groups in total protein, glutathione‐S‐transferase, superoxide dismutase, and boron. Histological findings were supported by the biochemical results. BM, chard, and parsley extracts were effective in the regression of oxidant damage caused by cirrhosis in the brain tissues. Practical applications Bitter melon (BM), chard, and parsley have antioxidant properties due to their bioactive compounds which are involved in scavenging free radicals, suppressing their production, and stimulating the production of endogenous antioxidant compounds. Since BM, chard, and parsley extracts were found to be effective in the regression of oxidant damage caused by cirrhosis in the brain tissues, these plant extracts may be an alternative in the development of different treatment approaches against brain damage in cirrhosis. At the same time, these species have been used as food by the people for many years. Therefore, they can be used safely as neuroprotective agents in treatment.

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The effects of chard on brain damage in valproic acid‐induced toxicity

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of vitamin B₆on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

Effect of vitamin B₆on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

Investigation of possible neuroprotective effects of some plant extracts on brain in bile duct ligated rats

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The effects of chard on brain damage in valproic acid‐induced toxicity

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of vitamin B6on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

Effect of vitamin B6on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

Investigation of possible neuroprotective effects of some plant extracts on brain in bile duct ligated rats

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Effect of vitamin B₆on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity

Effect of vitamin B₆on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity