The Effects of Capital and Energy Subsidies on the Optimal Design of Microgrid Systems

Benalcazar, Pablo; Suski, Adam; Kamiński, Jacek

doi:10.3390/en13040955

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In recent years, however, the development of RES, and in particular the solar collector technology, has been largely dependent on state policies and the introduced support solutions, for example, "My Electricity," "Clean Air," or "Energy Plus" (Olczak et al, 2020b;Benalcazar et al, 2020). The purpose of these programs was to enable Poland to achieve the EU target of 15% share of RES.…”

Section: Renewable Energy Sources and The European Unionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Return on Investment in Solar Collectors on the Example of a Household: The Case of Poland

Niekurzak

Kubińska-Jabcoń

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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Background: The growing consumption is what drives the development of unsustainable energy and material-intensive production technologies that emit large quantities of pollutants into the atmosphere, water, and land. Obtaining green energy allows reduction of the interference with the environment and, consequently, fits into a sustainable energy development strategy. In order to achieve the emission targets set by the EU for Poland, it is necessary to prioritize the development of renewable energy sources (RES) technologies within the energy sector.Methods: The purpose of the study was to present the results of the research relating to the return on investment of solar collectors for single-family houses in Poland. The research was presented on the basis of the legal conditions applicable to micro installations in the light of the amendment of the RES Act, and the impact of these amendments on the aspects of such investment was determined.Results: On the basis of the constructed economic model used to assess the return on investment of increasing the area of solar collectors, it has been shown that an operating installation will bring measurable economic benefits in the form of reduction in the amount of energy purchased annually in the amount of 6,756 kWh and environmental benefits in the form of reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere 2.4–3.6 Mg per year. An installation subsidized under the “My Electricity” program can reach an NPV of EUR 6,000 over 20 years at a discount rate r = 0 and assuming that the electricity is EUR 0.15/kWh. If the price rises to 0.2 EUR/kWh, the NPV will be 10,000 EUR. For the analyzed installation, the investment consisting in increasing the collector area in accordance with NPV is economically effective for the absorber area in the range of 5.6–7.6 m2 and reaches the maximum value for the absorber area of 6.6 m2, while the absorber area above 7 m2 contributes to reduce the value of the economic return on investment. The obtained results have been generalized, which allows to use them in the process of selecting the size of collector area for similar installations.Conclusion: The return on investment analysis carried out in respect of a detached house allowed to demonstrate that this project is fully justified. Furthermore, pursuant to the Renewable Energy Sources Act in force in Poland, treating a small entrepreneur as a prosumer who may generally take advantage of favorable conditions for discounting the produced energy leads to very favorable possibilities of settling electricity. Considering an entrepreneur as a prosumer who may use one-off depreciation of a solar collectors installation as a fixed asset and request for VAT refund is what makes such an investment very attractive in financial terms and makes it difficult to find a safe investment alternative characterized by such a high rate of return.

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Section: Renewable Energy Sources and The European Unionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Return on Investment in Solar Collectors on the Example of a Household: The Case of Poland

Niekurzak

Kubińska-Jabcoń

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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“…However, thanks to the considerable reduction in the cost of solar energy, solar collectors are increasingly being chosen by both households and the private sector as an investment that allows to make significant savings. In recent years, however, the development of RES, and in particular the solar collectors technology, has been largely dependent on state policies and the introduced support solutions, such as, for example, "Mój Prąd", "Czyste Powietrze" or "Energia Plus" [5,6]. The purpose of these programmes was to enable Poland to achieve the EU target of 15% share of RES.…”

Section: Renewable Energy Sources and The European Unionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Profitability of Using Solar Collectors in Single-Family Housing Industry - The Case of Poland

Niekurzak

Kubińska-Jabcoń

2021

Preprint

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Background: The growing consumption is what drives the development of unsustainable energy and material-intensive production technologies that emit large quantities of pollutants into the atmosphere, water and land. Obtaining green energy allows to reduce the interference with the environment and, consequently, fits into a sustainable energy development strategy. In order to achieve the emission targets set by the EU for Poland, it is necessary to prioritise the development of Renewable Energy Sources technologies within the energy sector.Methods: The purpose of the study is to present the results of the research relating to the profitability of solar collectors investment for single-family houses in Poland. The research was presented on the basis of the legal conditions applicable to micro installations in the light of the amendment of the RES Act and the impact of these amendments on the aspects of the profitability of such investment was determined. Results: On the basis of the constructed economic model used to assess the profitability of increasing the area of solar collectors, it has been shown that an operating installation will bring measurable economic benefits in the form of reduction in the amount of energy purchased from the current supplier and environmental benefits in the form of reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. The obtained results have been generalised, which allows to use them in the process of selecting the size of collector area for similar installations. Conclusion: The cost-effectiveness analysis carried out in respect of a detached house allowed to demonstrate that this project is fully justified. Furthermore, pursuant to the Renewable Energy Sources Act in force in Poland, treating a small entrepreneur as a prosumer who may generally take advantage of favourable conditions for discounting the produced energy leads to very favourable possibilities of settling electricity. Considering an entrepreneur as a prosumer who may use one-off depreciation of a solar collectors installation as a fixed asset and request for VAT refund is what makes such an investment very attractive in financial terms and makes it difficult to find a safe investment alternative characterised by such a high rate of return.

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“…The survival and growth of energy companies depends on many different factors, e.g., on the development of the renewable energy [10][11][12][13], climate policy [14], corporate social responsibility [15,16], or the monetary policy pursued by individual countries [17,18]. New customer preferences are increasingly cited among the factors influencing the opera-tion and profitability of businesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in Share Prices of Energy and Fuel Companies on the Warsaw Stock Exchange as a Reaction to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Bieszk‐Stolorz

Markowicz

2021

Energies

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Many factors influence the prices of energy commodities and the value of energy and fuel companies. Among them there are the following factors: economic, social, environmental and political, and recently also the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the paper is to examine what the probability and intensity of a decrease in the prices of shares of energy and fuel companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (Poland) was during the first wave of the pandemic in the first quarter of 2020. The study used the survival analysis methods: the Kaplan-Meier estimator, the test of equality of duration curves and the Cox non-proportional hazards model. The analysis showed that the probability and intensity of price decline of energy and fuel companies in the initial period was the same as that of other companies. The differences become apparent only after 50 days from the established maximum of their value. The risk of price declines in energy and fuel companies increased significantly. This situation was related both to a temporary reduction in demand for energy and fuels, pandemic restrictions introduced in individual countries and the behaviour of stock market investors.

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The Effects of Capital and Energy Subsidies on the Optimal Design of Microgrid Systems

Cited by 33 publications

References 43 publications

Analysis of the Return on Investment in Solar Collectors on the Example of a Household: The Case of Poland

Analysis of the Return on Investment in Solar Collectors on the Example of a Household: The Case of Poland

Evaluation of the Profitability of Using Solar Collectors in Single-Family Housing Industry - The Case of Poland

Decline in Share Prices of Energy and Fuel Companies on the Warsaw Stock Exchange as a Reaction to the COVID-19 Pandemic

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