The effects of avitaminosis and hyper‐vitaminosis A upon the incisor teeth and incisal alveolar bone of rats

Irving, J. T.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1949.sp004312

Cited by 56 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These findtngs are consistent with the description of A -bone given by Mellanby (1938Mellanby ( , 1939Mellanby ( , I94I, 1944Mellanby ( , 1947 and others (;irving 1949, Frandsen & Becks 1962, Hayes et al 1968). However, there are important distinctions to be made between the present investigation and earlier studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Vitamin A deficiency and new bone growth: histologic changes

Harris

Hunt

Alvarez

et al. 1978

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Using a standardized guinea pig model system, the histologic appearance of newly formed bone from vitamin A deficient, vitamin A adequate and retinoic acid treated animals was compared. Microscopic examination of the histologic sections of bone collected from vitamin A deficient guinea pigs indieated the presence of highly cellular and loosely woven bone spicules. This model system is an osteoblastic model, sinee osteoclasts are essentially absent in tissue formed in 14-day implants. Thus, new bone formation in the vitamin A deficient guinea pig reveals morphologic changes which are principally mediated through the osteoblastie proeess.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Vitamin A deficiency and new bone growth: histologic changes

Harris

Hunt

Alvarez

et al. 1978

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…It is interesting to compare the results of the present study with previous observations on hypervitaminosis A in experimental animals. Most of the earlier studies have been made in the rat, in which the most conspicious changes reported are spontaneous hemorrhages and bony abnormalities characterized by resorption of bone and pathological fractures (18)(19)(20). Thinning and ossi-fication of the epiphyseal plates have been observed in rats given large doses of vitamin A, but apparently no description of depletion of cartilage matrix in this or other locations has been recorded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Effects of Papain and Vitamin a on Cartilage

Thomas

McCluskey

Potter

et al. 1960

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

143

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The administration of large amounts of vitamin A to rabbits has been shown to result in depletion of cartilage matrix. The normal basophilic, metachromatic, and Alcian blue staining properties of the matrix are lost, especially in articular and epiphyseal cartilage. The cartilage cells remain intact, but are reduced in size. These changes sometimes appeared as early as 48 hours after the initiation of daily injection of 1 million units of vitamin A, and were usually well established by 5 days. Some rabbits failed to show changes in cartilage, even after 5 daily injections. Increased amounts of material presumed to be chondroitin sulfate were present in the sera of vitamin A-treated rabbits, usually by 72 hours after the first injection. This was demonstrated by a turbidimetric procedure using hexamminecobaltic chloride. In rabbits given sulfur-35 (Na2S35O4) 5 days before the initiation of vitamin A treatment, it was shown that sulfur-35 was lost from articular and epiphyseal cartilage. This was associated with an increase in the non-dialyzable sulfur-35 in both serum and in the cobalt-precipitable material. These rabbits also excreted more sulfur-35 than rabbits not given vitamin A. There was a reduction in sulfur-35 activity in chondromucoprotein extracted from the ear cartilage of vitamin A-treated rabbits. The changes are interpreted as indicating that the administration of large amounts of vitamin A to rabbits results in removal of chondroitin sulfate from cartilage matrix. The administration of small amounts of crude papain causes histologic changes in cartilage that are remarkably similar to those seen in vitamin A-treated rabbits. The possibility is suggested that the changes in cartilage produced by administration of vitamin A to rabbits may be the result of activation of a proteolytic enzyme or enzymes, with properties similar to those of papain.

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“…A preliminary report of part of this work has been published (1). these agents have previously been shown to affect bone in vivo (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), by local application (15,16), or in tissue culture (5,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

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confidence: 99%