The effects of a combined bodyweight-based and elastic bands resistance training, with or without protein supplementation, on muscle mass, signaling and heat shock response in healthy older people

Krause, Maurício; Crognale, Domenico; Cogan, Karl E.; Contarelli, Serena; Egan, Brendan; Newsholme, Philip; Vito, Giuseppe De

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.12.004

Cited by 39 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…As such, there is a need to develop pragmatic and accessible RET interventions that can effectively support the maintenance or, indeed, enhancement of muscle mass, strength and function in older age ( Timmons et al, 2020 ). Elastic resistance bands (EB) and body-weight (BW) lifting are proficient methods of RET, capable of increasing muscle mass, strength and functional capacity in community-dwelling ( Fujita et al, 2016 ; Krause et al, 2019 ), institutionalized ( Fujita et al, 2019 ; Furtado et al, 2020 ), sarcopenic-obese older adults ( Liao et al, 2018 ), and older adults with cognitive impairment ( Chupel et al, 2017 ). Compared with traditional machine-based (MN) RET, EB have also been shown to generate an ‘ascending’ (or ‘linear variable’) resistance training load, providing an increasing tensile load due to the stretch properties of the EB ( Fuentes et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadriceps muscle electromyography activity during physical activities and resistance exercise modes in younger and older adults

Marshall

Morgan

Martinez‐Valdes

et al. 2020

Experimental Gerontology

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Background Understanding the root cause of the age-related impairment in muscle adaptive remodelling with resistance exercise training (RET) and developing pragmatic and accessible resistance exercise for older adults, are essential research directives. Methods We sought to determine whether indices of quadriceps muscle EMG activity in response to different modes of RET and activities of daily living (ADL), differed between 15 healthy younger (25 ± 3 years) and 15 older (70 ± 5 years) adults. On four separate days, participants completed a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the knee extensors, followed by a 15 m walking task, stair climbing task (i.e. ADL) and lower-limb RET through body-weight squats (BW-RET) and seated knee extensions on a machine (MN-RET) or via elastic bands (EB-RET). Surface quadriceps electromyography (EMG) was measured throughout all tasks to provide indirect estimates of changes in muscle activity. Results MVC was significantly greater in young vs. older adults (Young: 256 ± 72 vs. Old: 137 ± 48 N·m, P < 0.001). EMG activity during all exercise tasks was significantly higher in older vs. younger adults when expressed relative to maximal EMG achieved during MVC (P < 0.01, for all ). In addition, relative quadriceps muscle EMG activity was significantly greater in EB-RET (Young: 20.3 ± 8.7 vs. Old: 37.0 ± 10.7%) and MN-RET (Young: 22.9 ± 10.3, vs. Old: 37.8 ± 10.8%) compared with BW-RET (Young: 8.6 ± 2.9 vs. Old: 27.0 ± 9.3%), in young and older adults (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in quadriceps EMG between EB-RET and MN-RET (P > 0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, relative quadriceps muscle EMG activity was higher across a range of activities/exercise modes in older vs. younger adults. The similar quadriceps muscle EMG activity between EB-RET and MN-RET provides a platform for detailed investigation of the neuromuscular and muscle metabolic responses to such pragmatic forms of RET to strengthen the evidence-base for this mode of RET as a potential countermeasure to sarcopenia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadriceps muscle electromyography activity during physical activities and resistance exercise modes in younger and older adults

Marshall

Morgan

Martinez‐Valdes

et al. 2020

Experimental Gerontology

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“…There was a statistically significant improvement in intervention groups (SMD = 3.55 (2.28–4.83); p < 0.001; I 2 = 90%) ( Figure 3 ). Grip strength was reported in 19 RT studies [ 44 , 45 , 49 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 59 , 61 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 70 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. There was a mean increase of 1.48 kg (0.26–2–23 kg; p < 0.001) across studies with pre-post mean differences ranging from −1.00 to 5.70 kg.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fat-free mass was recorded in 2 WBV [ 39 , 83 ], 7 RT [ 55 , 62 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 81 ], and 1 EMS studies [ 84 ], with a very small and statistically non-significant reduction across studies (MD = −0.27 kg (−0.84–0.31 kg); p = 0.46; I 2 = 0%). The pooled effect of the two WBV studies showed a slight increase (MD = 0.53 kg (−1.75–2.81 kg); p = 0.15), as did one EMS study (MD = 0.61 kg (−0.81–2.03 kg); p = 0.40), while there was a small and statistically non-significant decrease across RT interventions (MD = −0.60 kg (−1.28–0.09 kg); p = 0.09).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body fat mass was reported in 2 WBV [ 39 , 41 ] and 14 RT (16 intervention groups) studies [ 45 , 50 , 53 , 55 , 58 , 62 , 70 , 71 , 73 , 74 , 76 , 80 , 81 , 85 ], with a statistically significant decrease overall (SMD = −0.65 (−1.09–−0.21); p < 0.001; I 2 = 86%). For the purposes of MD calculation, three studies (4 intervention groups) [ 45 , 58 , 74 ] that reported body mass in kg instead of the percentage of body weight were removed and the analysis was repeated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance Exercise, Electrical Muscle Stimulation, and Whole-Body Vibration in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Šarabon

Kozinc

Löefler³

et al. 2020

JCM

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It has been shown that resistance exercise (RT) is one of the most effective approaches to counteract the physical and functional changes associated with aging. This systematic review with meta-analysis compared the effects of RT, whole-body vibration (WBV), and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on muscle strength, body composition, and functional performance in older adults. A thorough literature review was conducted, and the analyses were limited to randomized controlled trials. In total, 63 studies were included in the meta-analysis (48 RT, 11 WBV, and 4 EMS). The results showed that RT and WBV are comparably effective for improving muscle strength, while the effects of EMS remains debated. RT interventions also improved some outcome measures related to functional performance, as well as the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps. Muscle mass was not significantly affected by RT. A limitation of the review is the smaller number of WBV and particularly EMS studies. For this reason, the effects of WBV and EMS could not be comprehensively compared to the effect of RT for all outcome measures. For the moment, RT or combinations of RT and WBV or EMS, is probably the most reliable way to improve muscle strength and functional performance, while the best approach to increase muscle mass in older adults remains open to further studies.

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“…Our original training study in which these older adults participated involved small training groups of four to six participants, which arguably helped create an intimate and welcoming environment. Therefore, whether the excellent adherence rates (88% ± 7%) from our initial study could be recapitulated through alternative training methods, including home‐based or outdoor programs, such as body weight or resistance elastic band training, or via pseudosupervision via social media platforms, will be an avenue for future research. The latter has been successfully demonstrated using educational videos through DVD in relation to a falls prevention program for older adults .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Maintenance in Older Adults 1 Year After Completion of a Supervised Training Intervention

Timmons

Griffin

Cogan

et al. 2019

J American Geriatrics Society

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Barriers and facilitators of exercise maintenance and residual effects of exercise training intervention on physical and cognitive function after the cessation of training are inadequately described in older adults. DESIGN AND SETTING One year after the cessation of a supervised exercise training intervention, a mixed methods approach employed a quantitative phase that assessed body composition and physical and cognitive function and a qualitative phase that explored determinants of exercise maintenance after participation in the intervention. PARTICIPANTS Community‐dwelling older Irish adults (aged >65 years) who had completed 12 weeks of supervised exercise training 1 year previously. MEASUREMENTS Fifty‐three participants (male/female ratio = 30:23; age = 70.8 ± 3.9 years) completed the follow‐up testing comprising body composition and physical and cognitive function. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 participants (male/female ratio = 6:6) using the Theoretical Domains Framework to inform the interview guide. RESULTS At 1 year follow‐up, body fat increased (mean = 4.3%; 95% confidence limit = 2.2% to 6.3%), while lean body mass (mean = −0.6%; 95% confidence limit = −1.2% to −0.1%), strength (leg press, mean = −5.6%; 95% confidence limit = −8.3% to −2.8%; chest press, mean = −11.0%; 95% confidence limit = −14.8% to −7.8%), and cognitive function (mean = −3.7%; 95% confidence limit = −5.7% to −1.8%) declined (all P < .05). Interviews revealed key facilitators (social aspects and beliefs about benefits of exercise) and barriers (affordability and general aversion to gyms) to exercise maintenance in this population. CONCLUSION Key barriers and facilitators to exercise maintenance were identified, which will inform the development of future behavior change interventions to support exercise participation and maintenance in older adults to mitigate adverse changes in body composition and physical and cognitive function with advancing age. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:163–169, 2019

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The effects of a combined bodyweight-based and elastic bands resistance training, with or without protein supplementation, on muscle mass, signaling and heat shock response in healthy older people

Cited by 39 publications

References 53 publications

Quadriceps muscle electromyography activity during physical activities and resistance exercise modes in younger and older adults

Quadriceps muscle electromyography activity during physical activities and resistance exercise modes in younger and older adults

Resistance Exercise, Electrical Muscle Stimulation, and Whole-Body Vibration in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Exercise Maintenance in Older Adults 1 Year After Completion of a Supervised Training Intervention

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