Resistance Exercise, Electrical Muscle Stimulation, and Whole-Body Vibration in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Šarabon, Nejc; Kozinc, Žiga; Löefler, Stefan; Höfer, Christian

doi:10.3390/jcm9092902

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(226 reference statements)

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“…Sarcopenia has been considered a geriatric syndrome that leads to functional limitations and metabolic dysregulation in older people [3]. In addition to age, muscle mass and muscle function are also affected by gender, physical activities, and drugs [4][5][6][7]. However, sarcopenia can occur secondary to a systemic disease, including chronic liver disease (CLD) [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease

Son

Song

Chang

et al. 2021

Life

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Sarcopenia, which is characterized by decline in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, is common in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Several consensus definitions for community-dwelling elderly people have been proposed, and these recommend the use of various tools and tests to assess muscle properties and performance. These measurement tools have also been applied in patients with CLD and have been useful for predicting prognosis. However, sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria specific to patients with CLD have not yet been clearly defined. In addition, fluid retention and body composition should be considered when sarcopenia is assessed in patients with CLD. This review aims to introduce definitions of sarcopenia and diagnostic tools used in patients with CLD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease

Son

Song

Chang

et al. 2021

Life

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“…The effectiveness of exercise therapy in increasing muscle mass has been well established in previous meta-analyses pertaining to older adult populations with high sarcopenia risk 13,14,26,41 (Table 2). The present meta-analysis targeted patients with rheumatoid arthritis, for whom exercise therapy more greatly increased muscle mass compared with exercise therapy for individuals with sarcopenia or osteoarthritis, as reported in previous systematic reviews.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Exercise therapy is widely considered an effective intervention for increasing muscle strength and enhancing physical function among older adult populations with sarcopenia. [12][13][14] Because exercise therapy enables older adults to counteract agingrelated increases in muscle anabolic resistance, 15 it rationally improves lean mass in individuals who have a high sarcopenia risk. 13 However, the effects of exercise therapy on muscle mass gain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise therapy for sarcopenia in rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2021

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Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis and age are associated with high sarcopenia risk. Exercise is an effective treatment for preventing muscle mass loss in older adult populations. It remains unclear whether exercise affects muscle mass in people with rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, this meta-analysis investigated the effect of exercise on muscle mass gain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Data sources: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Google Scholar were systematically searched until June 2021. Methods: The present study was conducted according to the guidelines recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported the effects of exercise on muscle mass for rheumatoid arthritis were identified. The included RCTs were subject to meta-analysis and risk of bias assessment. Subgroup and random-effects meta-regression analyses were performed to identify any heterogeneity ( I2) of treatment effects across studies. Results: We included nine RCTs with a median PEDro score of 6/10 (range: 4/10–8/10). The weighted mean effect size for muscle mass was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.30–1.24; P = 0.001; I2 = 77%). Meta-regression analyses indicated that the disease duration significantly explained variance of treatment effects across studies (β = −0.006, R2 = 69.7%, P = 0.005). Conclusions: Exercise therapy effectively increased muscle mass in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment effects may be attenuated in those who have had rheumatoid arthritis for a relatively long time.

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“…In general, exercise training is aimed to improve physical performance and to decrease body weight and fat mass even in the elderly [ 26 , 27 ]. However, exercise training is suggested to increase dietary intake, body weight, and fat mass under certain conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-year intradialytic leg exercises with resistance bands and fat mass increase in elderly hemodialysis patients: a retrospective study

Kato¹,

Shibata²,

Asai³

et al. 2021

Ren Replace Ther

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Background Intradialytic exercises are recommended to be available as a treatment for enhancing physical functioning. However, there have been few reports which evaluated the results of long-term mild intradialytic exercises in elderly patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in body weight, body composition, and laboratory data in elderly hemodialysis patients after 1-year intradialytic leg exercises with resistance bands. Methods A retrospective study. Twenty-one outpatients, aged 65 or older (mean ± SD, 75.2 ± 5.1 years), received intradialytic leg exercises with resistance bands for a year were analyzed. The values of dry weight, body composition, and laboratory data were collected from the year-ago period, at baseline and 1 year after baseline. Fat and muscle mass were evaluated by using a multi-frequency bioimpedance device. Results Physical performance changed and body weight increased after 1-year resistance band exercises. However, the participants gained fat mass, not muscle mass. Although the changes in biochemical data related to protein intake were equivocal, triglyceride levels increased significantly after 1-year exercises. An elevation in serum creatinine levels was observed, even if solute clearance increased significantly. Conclusions One-year intradialytic leg exercises with resistance bands may have a potential clinical benefit for body mass index even in elderly hemodialysis patients. However, optimal dietary modification is needed to achieve a balanced increase of muscle and fat mass. An increase of serum creatinine levels does not always mean muscle mass hypertrophy.

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Resistance Exercise, Electrical Muscle Stimulation, and Whole-Body Vibration in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 32 publications

References 108 publications

Definition of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease

Definition of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease

Exercise therapy for sarcopenia in rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials

One-year intradialytic leg exercises with resistance bands and fat mass increase in elderly hemodialysis patients: a retrospective study

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