“…Previous research stated that the use of ICT in science learning can support abstract reasoning abilities (Chang, Chen, Lin, & Sung, 2008), in mathematics learning, can increase learning participation and higher test results (De Witte, Haelermans, & Rogge, 2015). Meanwhile, the CAI model used in learning can reduce anxiety in bibliography teaching (Van Scoyoc, 2003), providing significant benefits to literacy skills, especially in phonological awareness (Macaruso & Walker, 2008), can develop early literacy skills (Macaruso & Rodman, 2011), effective in learning autism students (Pennington, 2010), increasing critical-thinking skills especially in problem-solving skills, at least in students with better exposure to mathematics, science, and techniques beforehand (Renshaw, Taylor, & Reynolds, 1998).…”