The Effect of the Electrical Steel Properties on the Temperature Distribution in Direct-Drive PM Synchronous Generators for 5 MW Wind Turbines

Kowal, Damian; Sergeant, Peter; Dupré, Luc; Vandenbossche, Lode

doi:10.1109/tmag.2013.2260553

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Lately, efficiency improvements have become ever more important, but there are at least two cases of significance in which small size takes precedence over efficiency: (i) electric vehicle drives, where very high torque densities are desired and (ii) direct-drive wind turbine generators, where mass must be kept reasonably low [2,3]. Currently, wind turbine generators are available with the rated powers up to 10 MW [4,5]. Enercon has been offering its 7.6 MW DD wind turbine since 2007 [6].…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a given power rating, the move to direct‐drive leads to a big jump in generator size (diameter and length) or a required increase in air gap tangential stress [11]. Available transportation and construction techniques impose practical limitations on maximum machine size [4, 5]. For copper windings, tangential stresses are increased by raising the linear current density, which results in significantly increased Joule heating and the need for more effective heat removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct liquid cooling for an outer‐rotor direct‐drive permanent‐magnet synchronous generator for wind farm applications

Polikarpova

Ponomarev

Röyttä

et al. 2015

IET Electric Power Applications

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Offshore applications, which call for the largest and most powerful wind turbines, demand a higher standard of reliability and maintainability. Direct-drive permanent-magnet synchronous generators (DD-PMSGs) are increasingly being specified for these applications. The major shortcoming to traditional high-powered direct-drive generators is extraordinary size and mass leading to extraordinary cost. To generate higher powers at low rotational speeds, directdrive generators must either develop greater tangential stresses or be larger in diameter. For traditional air-cooled generators, higher power generally means a much larger diameter. Dramatic cost savings can be realised with the development of a more effective stator windings cooling system that puts further the limit on current density enabling the development of high-power direct-drive generators of substantially smaller diameters. This study presents a direct liquid cooling system design for an 8 MW outer-rotor DD-PMSG. The approach is new for wind turbine generators, so its impact on the thermal behaviour and reliability for the total electrical machine has been evaluated and reported here. Testing of a stator coil prototype (1/72nd of the complete stator) with internal cooling liquid flow is also reported to demonstrate the workability of the designed cooling solution.

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Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct liquid cooling for an outer‐rotor direct‐drive permanent‐magnet synchronous generator for wind farm applications

Polikarpova

Ponomarev

Röyttä

et al. 2015

IET Electric Power Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To solve these models the finite analysis methods, genetic algorithms, or analytical calculations are used [9,11,12]; however, the differences in the results from these methods are minimal. Some researchers also consider the properties of the materials for the PMGS con-struction and its geometry [6,13] and then their theory is validated with experimental prototypes [8,9,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensioning Optimization of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Direct Drive Wind Turbines

et al. 2021

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In the present work, a methodology that allows optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) design by establishing limit values of magnet radius and length that maximize efficiency for the nominal parameters of the wind turbine is developed. The methodology consists of two fundamental models. One model calculates the generator parameters from the radius of the magnet base, and the other optimization model determines two optimum generators according to the optimization criteria of maximum efficiency and maximum efficiency with minimum weight starting from the axial length and the radius of the magnet base. For the optimization, the numerical method of the golden section was used. The model was validated from a 10 kW PMSG and the results of two optimum generators are presented according to the optimization criteria. In addition, when the obtained results are compared with the reference electric generator, an increase in efficiency of 1.15% and 0.81% and a reduction in weight of 30.79% and 39.15% of the optimized generators are obtained for maximum efficiency and minimum weight, respectively. Intermediate options between the maximum efficiency generator and the minimum weight generator allows for the selection of the optimum dimensioning for the electric generator as a function of the parameters from the wind turbine design.

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“…high-speed slot-less PMSG with surface-mounted magnets and soft magnetic composite (SMC) stator yoke. Studying the effect of the electrical steel properties on the temperature distribution in PMSG is addressed in [14]. Some promising research has been done in order to reduce the weight and temperature of PMSG stator [3], [15] and to increase the rotor speed [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of a Large-Scale Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

et al. 2019

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Direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generators have numerous advantages such as improved reliability, low maintenance, long life, and developed performance characteristics. In recent years, many researchers have worked on this generator to enhance the performance of the generator, especially for the wind turbine application. The focus of this paper is on the development of a step-by-step method for the design of a permanent magnet synchronous generator. Then the winding function method is used to model the generator and calculate its output characteristics analytically. The analytical results of the designed generator are validated using the finite element analysis (FEA) and it is demonstrated that the obtained results from both methods are in great agreement with the experimental measurements of the Northern Power direct-drive generator. The sensitivity analysis and optimization procedure based on the genetic algorithm are used to design an optimum generator. The optimization goal is obtaining higher efficiency and power factor with lower voltage regulation and required permanent magnet volume compared to the initial design. In addition, the calculation of the voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) is presented and the optimum skew angle for the optimum generator is computed to reduce the voltage THD.

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The Effect of the Electrical Steel Properties on the Temperature Distribution in Direct-Drive PM Synchronous Generators for 5 MW Wind Turbines

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Direct liquid cooling for an outer‐rotor direct‐drive permanent‐magnet synchronous generator for wind farm applications

Direct liquid cooling for an outer‐rotor direct‐drive permanent‐magnet synchronous generator for wind farm applications

Dimensioning Optimization of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Direct Drive Wind Turbines

Design and Optimization of a Large-Scale Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

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