Dimensioning Optimization of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Direct Drive Wind Turbines

Abstract

In the present work, a methodology that allows optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) design by establishing limit values of magnet radius and length that maximize efficiency for the nominal parameters of the wind turbine is developed. The methodology consists of two fundamental models. One model calculates the generator parameters from the radius of the magnet base, and the other optimization model determines two optimum generators according to the optimization criteria of maximum efficiency and maximum efficiency with minimum weight starting from the axial length and the radius of the magnet base. For the optimization, the numerical method of the golden section was used. The model was validated from a 10 kW PMSG and the results of two optimum generators are presented according to the optimization criteria. In addition, when the obtained results are compared with the reference electric generator, an increase in efficiency of 1.15% and 0.81% and a reduction in weight of 30.79% and 39.15% of the optimized generators are obtained for maximum efficiency and minimum weight, respectively. Intermediate options between the maximum efficiency generator and the minimum weight generator allows for the selection of the optimum dimensioning for the electric generator as a function of the parameters from the wind turbine design.

An Accurate Efficiency Calculation for PMSG Utilized in Renewable Energy Systems

“…Theoretically, neglecting the losses, the PMSG efficiency is 100%. Also, the wind speed has a small effect on the PMSG efficiency and this result is consistent with what was stated in the study efficiency of the PMSG within a range of wind speeds (12-14)m/sec., as its value reached 97% [70], and partly disagree with what was stated in the study at variable wind speed(8-10)m/sec.the PMSG efficiency was within limits of 91% [71], and the reason difference is due to the selection of variable and irregular speeds of wind speeds. The results of this paper are consistent with the efficiency of the permanent magnet motor, which was valued 96% [72].…”

Metodología para el cálculo numérico y simulación de generadores eólicos de baja velocidad

“…Para el control de la potencia se usa control aerodinámico, o mediante palas de ángulo de ataque variable, rotor de velocidad fija o variable, orientación libre o mediante control activo. El tipo de generador puede ser síncrono o asíncrono, con rotor de jaula de ardilla o rotor bobinado, con multiplicador o conectado directamente al eje del generador (Abdallah et al, 2018), (Enríquez Santiago et al, 2021), (Hamdan Rivani and Elson, 2018). Se listan valores típicos en la tabla 3 (Diago Vidal, 2019).…”

Optimal Shape Design of Direct-Drive Permanent Magnet Generator for 1 kW-Class Wind Turbines

“…However, the weight reduction of the generator should be considered for the generator design, since the performance of the AFPM machine's efficiency is influenced not only by the electromagnetic characteristics, but also by the weight and shape of mechanical parts of the generator, leading to excessive rotational momentum and friction losses in the stator and rotor [12,13]. Additionally, the weight of the generator is closely linked to its material cost, which is an important criterion for the wind turbine design [14,15].…”

“…However, in this case, the shape design parameters were considered on a limited basis. Santiago et al [15] conducted a dimensioning optimization of the AFPM generator. This methodology allowed optimizing the generator design by establishing useful dimensioning options for a range of magnet radiuses and lengths.…”