“…Thus, techniques of surface treatment, damage-free gate recess, and dielectric passivation have been proposed to suppress the possible damage that causes the current collapse phenomenon [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. There are various surface treatments and cleaning methods, such as UV/ozone [ 16 ], wet chemical [ 17 ], plasma [ 18 ], descum [ 19 ] and O 2 treatment [ 20 ] which have been adopted for the improvement of the surface states. For instance, with the SF 6 plasma treatment, the gate leakage and pulse I–V characteristics were improved effectively due to the reduction in the amount of carbon on the semiconductor surface [ 18 ].…”