The Effect of Speaker's Voice on Word Recognition

Craik, Fergus I. M.; Kirsner, Kim

doi:10.1080/14640747408400413

Cited by 195 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The ability to discriminate between voices at a shorter (50-ms) and a longer (1,500-ms) ISI should also not be surprising given the work of Craik and Kirsner (1974), who found that voice details may persist in memory for 2-3 min (see Palmeri et al, 1993, for evidence that voice details persist for even longer amounts of time). In short, the results of Experiment 3 suggest that the failures to detect the change in voice in Experiments 1 and 2 were not due to the perceptual similarity of the two voices or to limits in memory for voice-related information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Change deafness: The inability to detect changes between two voices.

Vitevitch

2003

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

112

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A shadowing task was used to demonstrate an auditory analogue of change blindness (the failure to detect a change in a visual scene), namely change deafness. Participants repeated words varying in lexical difficulty. Halfway through the word list, either the same or a different talker presented the words to participants. At least 40% of the participants failed to detect the change in talker. More interesting is that differences in shadowing times were found as a function of change detection. Alternative possibilities to the change detection phenomenon were ruled out. The results of these experiments suggest that the allocation of attention may influence the detection of changes as well as the processing of spoken words in complex ways.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Change deafness: The inability to detect changes between two voices.

Vitevitch

2003

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

112

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“…Typically, recognition decreases as lag increases (Shepard & Teghtsoonian, 1961). The Palmeri et al (1993) study extended an earlier continuous-recognition study: Craik and Kirsner (1974) presented words to listeners in two voices (male and female). When repeated, half of the words switched voices.…”

Section: Memory For Words and Voicesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Echoes of echoes? An episodic theory of lexical access.

Goldinger

1998

Psychological Review

1,247

101

1,416

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In this article the author proposes an episodic theory of spoken word representation, perception, and production. By most theories, idiosyncratic aspects of speech (voice details, ambient noise, etc.) are considered noise and are filtered in perception. However, episodic theories suggest that perceptual details are stored in memory and are integral to later perception. In this research the author tested an episodic model (MINERVA 2; D. L. Hintzman, 1986) against speech production data from a word-shadowing task. The model predicted the shadowing-response-time patterns, and it correctly predicted a tendency for shadowers to spontaneously imitate the acoustic patterns of words and nonwords. It also correctly predicted imitation strength as a function of "abstract" stimulus properties, such as word frequency. Taken together, the data and theory suggest that detailed episodes constitute the basic substrate of the mental lexicon.

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“…EXPERIMENT 2 Craik and Kirsner (1974) reported that listeners not only recognized same-voice repetitions more reliably but could also explicitly judge whether repetitions were in the same voice as the original items. Like Craik and Kirsner, we were interested in our subjects' ability to explicitly judge such voice repetitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic encoding of voice attributes and recognition memory for spoken words.

Palmeri¹,

Goldinger²,

Pisoni³

1993

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

360

385

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Recognition memory for spoken words was investigated with a continuous recognition memory task. Independent variables were number of intervening words (lag) between initial and subsequent presentations of a word, total number of talkers in the stimulus set, and whether words were repeated in the same voice or a different voice. In Experiment 1, recognition judgments were based on word identity alone. Same-voice repetitions were recognized more quickly and accurately than different-voice repetitions at all values of lag and at all levels of talker variability. In Experiment 2, recognition judgments were based on both word identity and voice identity. Subjects recognized repeated voices quite accurately. Gender of the talker affected voice recognition but not item recognition. These results suggest that detailed information about a talker's voice is retained in long-term episodic memory representations of spoken words.

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The Effect of Speaker's Voice on Word Recognition

Cited by 195 publications

References 15 publications

Change deafness: The inability to detect changes between two voices.

Change deafness: The inability to detect changes between two voices.

Echoes of echoes? An episodic theory of lexical access.

Episodic encoding of voice attributes and recognition memory for spoken words.

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