The effect of sikkam (Bischofia javanica) leaf extract on blood sugar levels and islet of langerhans in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, occurring due to abnormal insulin secretion or insulin action. Alloxan induces diabetes by damaging pancreatic cells and initiating hyperglycemia. One of the plants that has the potential to decrease blood sugar is leaves of sikkam (Bischofia javanica), because it contains quercetin and gallic acid compounds which are classified as an antioxidant group. The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the effect of sikkam leaf extract on the reduction in blood sugar levels of Wistar rats and improved the histology of langerhans islet and (2) determine the dose of sikkam leaf extract which has the most effective effect in reducing rat blood sugar levels. The design used is a non factorial complete random design. The samples used were 30 Wistar rats which were divided into 6 treatment groups and 5 repetitions, namely K0 (negative control), K1 (positive control), K2 (dose of ethanol extract of sikkam leaf (EESL) 300 mg/Kg BW), K3 (EESL 600 mg/kg BW), and K4 (EESL treatment 900 mg/kg kg) and K5 (Glibenclamid 4.5 mg). Data analysis used One-way ANOVA followed by LSD test. The results showed that there was an EESL effect on the reduction in rat blood sugar levels and improved the histology of Langerhans islet. EESL which has the best antidiabetic effect is on administering a dose of 900 mg/kg BW.

Antidiabetic of Hylocereus polyrhizus peel ethanolic extract on alloxan induced diabetic mice

“…There are numerous processes by which quercetin reduces blood glucose levels, including quercetin's antioxidant activity, which can protect pancreatic cells from oxidative stress and aid enhance insulin secretion (35). Quercetin can also boost circulating adipokinectin, inhibit glucosidase activity in the small intestine, and boost the GLUT4 transporter in skeletal muscle (36).…”

Oral acute toxicity study of nano herbal Sikkam leaves (Bischofia javanica)

“…Bischofia javanica phytochemicals have therapeutic potential, either directly or indirectly, and longterm exposure can affect the organs. Sikkam has conventionally been used to treat a number of chronic conditions including infectious disease, pneumonitis, sores, fissures, and dislocations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. B. Javanica bark and leaves are used to treat dysentery, throat irritation, and nervous disorders.…”

“…B. Javanica bark and leaves are used to treat dysentery, throat irritation, and nervous disorders. Furthermore, previous research on B. javanica leaf extract found Beta-amyrine, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, chrysoeriol, quercetin, friedelan-3-one, beta-sitosterol, fisetin, cynaroside, and triacontane are among the 10 main phytoconstituents [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Because anything that enters the body and circulates through the blood vessels enters the cells and eventually alters their metabolic pathways, multilevel dose exposure alters physiological parameters in the body.…”

“…B. javanica leaf extracts have been reported to have a variety of pharmacological activities, both traditional and laboratory-proven. Traditional uses include diarrhoea [1,2], cough relief [1,2], sore throat [3,4], skin diseases [5,6], cancerous wounds, burns, and ulcers, astringent, diuretic, and nocturnal emission [5,6], tonsillitis, diphtheria, and pharyngitis [7,8]. anti-diabetes [6,7], anti-Nematoda [8,9], anti-microbial [9], anti-leukemic [10,11], antioxidant [12],…”