The Effect of Rapidity of Hatching on Growth, Egg Production, Mortality and Sex Ratios in the Domestic Fowl

Williams, Cynthia A.; Godfrey, George F.; Thompson, R. B.

doi:10.3382/ps.0300599

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Since the time lag between the hatching of the first and the last chick may be long, this may be an important factor affecting early chick performance. Incubation period have been found to lengthen (Olsen, 1942;Williams et al, 1951, Hudson et al, 2004 to shorten (McNally & Byerly, 1936;Smith & Bohren, 1975;Burton & Tullet, 1985) or not to change (Reis et al, 1997) with the aging of hens and the consequent increases in egg size. Variations in incubation length may be related to breed and line within breed and therefore this trait may be altered by selection Smith & Bohren, 1975).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This finding is not new, but the numeric estimations from this study support a recommendation to remove chicks out of the hatcher at least once before the traditionally used period of 504 hours of incubation (21 days). Removing chicks that hatch earlier and providing them immediately with feed and water has been shown to improve subsequent growth compared to what is achieved by birds placed with those that hatch later (Hager & Beane, 1983;Fanguy et al, 1980;Kingston, 1979;Williams et al, 1951;Wyatt et al, 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hatching distribution of eggs varying in weight and breeder age

Vieira

Almeida

Lima

et al. 2005

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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Broiler chicks from one incubator hatch within long periods of time, which leads to dehydration and reduction in yolk sac reserves of those chicks that have hatched earlier and potentially impairs early performance. The present research investigated the hatching distribution at intervals of incubation using eggs of different weights within one breeder age or eggs from widely different breeder ages. Eggs from breeders at 27 and 59 weeks of age (54 and 69 g) and from breeders at 40 weeks of age, which were graded as light (58 g) and heavy (73 g), were placed in a commercial incubator. There were a total of 1,184 eggs distributed in four treatments and eight replicates: eggs from 27-week-old breeders (27B), eggs from 59-week-old breeders (59B), light eggs from 40-week-old breeders (40BL) and heavy eggs from 40-weekold breeders (40BH). Replicates were comprised of 37 eggs that were placed in each incubator tray. The treatments were physically separated from each other using a plate. Eggs were transferred to a hatcher after 432 hours of incubation and the first chick hatched at 449 hours of incubation. Afterwards, the number of completely hatched chicks from each replicate was recorded at six-hour intervals until 503 hours of incubation, when the hatchings stopped. Hatched chicks were removed from the trays after each measurement. Data were submitted to an analysis of variance with repeated measures. There was a significant interaction between breeder age and incubation length. The hatching onset of eggs from the old breeders was later compared to young breeders. Hatchability (%incubated eggs) was lower for the old breeders; however, differences in hatchability as a percentage of the hatched eggs were not so evident. Complete hatchability occurred only at 503 hours of incubation; however, more than 90% eggs had hatched 18 hours earlier.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hatching distribution of eggs varying in weight and breeder age

Vieira

Almeida

Lima

et al. 2005

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…However, no estimate of statistical significance was given and the size of the eggs from which the chicks hatched was not taken into consideration. Williams et al (1951) found no phenotypic relationship between rapidity of hatching and rate of gain in a strain of New Hampshires. Neither was there any relationship between the emergent period and rearing or adult mortality.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 84%

Correlated Responses in Some Economic Traits from Selection for Fast and Slow Hatching

Vásquez

Bohren

1978

Poultry Science

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Two strains of White Leghorns which had been selected for hatching time so that they differed by 48 hr in the average time required for incubation were studied to determine if correlated genetic responses to the selection for hatching time had occurred. Significant differences between the fast and slow hatching lines were observed for average embryo weight and embryo length from three to 14 days of incubation. Significant differences between the selected lines were also observed for chick weight on day of hatch, at 25 days after die start of incubation and at three and six weeks of age. The correlated responses observed were asymmetrical because for most measures the response was a reduction of weight or length in the slow hatching line, with no significant changes from the control line in the fast hatching line. No changes which could be considered correlated genetic responses were observed for age at first egg or in rate of lay. Both selected lines matured at significantly later ages and laid at higher rates than the control line.

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“…It has been shown by Byerly (1933), McNally and Byerly (1936) and Williams, Godfrey and Thompson (1951) that in chickens, large eggs require a longer incubation time than smaller ones. A similar relationship was found in turkeys by Olsen (1942).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 96%