The effect of phthalate ester plasticisers tested as surfactant stabilised dispersions on the reproduction of the Daphnia magna

Application of Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships for Assessing the Aquatic Toxicity of Phthalate Esters

“…In several cases, the lowest-observed-e!ect concentration (LOEC) reported in one study is more than an order of magnitude below the NOEC reported in another study. These aberrant results have been attributed to the physical e!ect of undissolved PE (Rhodes et al, 1995;Brown et al, 1998). No chronic e!ects on survival, growth, or reproduction have been reported in other invertebrate test species at the maximum concentration, i.e., emulsion, examined (Staples et al, 1997b).…”

Environmental Risk Limits for Two Phthalates, with Special Emphasis on Endocrine Disruptive Properties

“…Adams et al, 1985;Rhodes et al, 1995;Brown and Thompson, 1982a;Brown et al, 1998). The current study did not distinguish between physical and toxicological e!ects.…”

Biodegradation of Emerging Organic Contaminants by Composting

“…This molecular structure reflects DEHP's poor water solubility compared to PAEs containing shorter alkyl chain lengths. DEHP can readily accumulate in lipids of aqueous biota when present in water due to its high Values were estimated and predicted under standard conditions derived from Staples et al [11] and Brown et al [29] hydrophobic property [26]. The consumption of DEHP in drinking water can cause serious health concerns because of the testicularatrophy and hepatocellular carcinomas that have been proven in rats and mice [24,30,31].…”