The Effect of Orthodontic Therapy on Periodontal Health: A Review of the Literature

Alfuriji, Samah; Alhazmi, Nora; Alhamlan, Nasir H; Al-Ehaideb, Ali; Alruwaithi, Moataz; Alkatheeri, Nasser; Geevarghese, Amrita

doi:10.1155/2014/585048

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Periodontal health is crucial and requires special attention when performing an orthodontic treatment plan, both in adult and pediatric patients [1]. Preserving the integrity of periodontal tissues is one of the main concerns of orthodontics specialists, which has led to the definition of specific hygiene protocols for orthodontic patients [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in oral microbiota due to orthodontic appliances: a systematic review

Lucchese

Bondemark

Marcolina

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

123

110

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Background: Oral microbiota has been at the center of cultural attention in recent years. In daily clinical practice, orthodontic appliances may be associated with an increased cariogenic risk and a worsening of preexisting periodontal diseases.Objective: The purpose of this review is to investigate the available evidence regarding the association between orthodontic appliances and changes in the quality and quantity of the oral microbiota.Design: The research included every article published up to October 2017 featuring the keywords ‘Orthodontic appliance* AND (microbiological colonization OR periodontal pathogen* OR Streptococcus mutans OR Lactobacillus spp. OR Candida OR Tannerella forsythia OR Treponema denticola OR Fusobacterium nucleatum OR Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans OR Prevotella intermedia OR Prevotella nigrescens OR Porphyromonas gingivalis)’ and was conducted in the major medical databases. The methodological quality of selected papers was scored using the ‘Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care Criteria for Grading Assessed Studies’ (SBU) method.Results: Orthodontic appliances influence the oral microbiota with an increase in the counts of S. mutans and Lactobacillus spp. and in the percentage of potentially pathogenic gram-negative bacteria.Conclusions: There is moderate/high evidence regarding the association between orthodontic appliances and changes in the oral microbiota.PROSPERO registration number CRD42018091589.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in oral microbiota due to orthodontic appliances: a systematic review

Lucchese

Bondemark

Marcolina

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

123

110

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“…The cause and effect relationship between orthodontic tooth movement and dental pulp volume and root resorption is still a challenging phenomenon [1-12, 20, 21]. It is well recognized that orthodontic forces do affect teeth in many aspects including the periodontium, root length, and pulp structure [16,22,23]. Dental pulp was found to react to orthodontic forces in different ways, but in general, pulp responds by forming tertiary dentin after its irritation [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulp volume changes after piezocision-assisted tooth movement: a randomized clinical trial

Hatrom

Howait

Zawawi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Orthodontic treatment may result in undesirable side effects, such as root resorption and a decrease in the size of the pulp tissue which could be associated with the duration of the orthodontic treatment. Piezocision-assisted tooth movement was introduced as a minimally invasive surgical procedure to shorten orthodontic treatment time. This prospective randomized clinical trial was aimed to compare the pulp volume changes of maxillary anterior teeth after en-masse retraction with or without piezocision-assisted orthodontics.Methods: Patients who required orthodontic treatment with bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions and en-masse retraction were recruited. Patients were randomly divided into extraction with piezocision, or only extraction, serving as controls. Pulp volume and root length changes of the maxillary six anterior teeth were measured and compared between the two groups using a 3-Dimensional analytical software. Paired and independent sample t-tests were used to compare within and between groups. Bivariate correlation was done between the mean change in pulp volume and its corresponding root length. The significance level was set at α = 0.05.Results: A total of 23 patients were included, 12 in the piezocision, and 11 in the control group. At the end of the en-masse retraction phase, (mean = 122.74 ±3.06 days) pulp volume was significantly decreased in all six anterior teeth in both groups (P < 0.01). The decrease in pulp volume was not statistically different between both groups, (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant but moderate correlation only between the pulp volume change of the right canine and its root length, r = 0.44, P = 0.034.Conclusions: The effect of piezocision-assisted orthodontic tooth movement on the pulp volume was comparable to the conventional orthodontic treatment. The degree of change in pulp volume does not appear to be related to the amount of root resorption.Trial registration: NCT03180151. Registered December 25,2016, retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT03180151

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“…To certify that this leptin changes happen only due to tooth movement and not periodontal issues, in methodology, we emphasized on professional plaque control regime throughout the sample taking, as orthodontic treatment may negatively affect the periodontal health status [16][17][18][19] . As leptin was observed among patients with irreversible periodontal disease (periodontitis) 20 , patients with periodontitis were excluded from the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%