The Effect of Operating Conditions on Curcumin Extracted from Turmeric by Hydrothermal Extraction

Abstract

Turmeric has a bioactive compound namely curcuminoid. It has many pharmacology effects such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifertility, anti-venom, anti-coagulant, anti-HIV hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and anticoagulant properties. To increase the economic value of turmeric, it is necessary to develop a hydrothermal extraction process of turmeric’s active compound. The advantages of hydrothermal extraction were inexpensive, abundant availability, high purity, non-toxic, and easy to handle. This research aims to study the effect of operating conditions : temperature (130-150oC), time (10-40 minutes) and solid:liquid ratio (1:10 and 1:12) on the bioactive compounds of turmeric extracted from hydrothermal extraction process. Generally, high extraction yield was obtained at higher extraction temperature (140 and 150oC). Under these conditions, with a lower solid : liquid ratio (1:10), high concentration of curcumin is produced. Further, a higher solid : liquid ratio will likely produce the opposite result, except when it operates at low extraction temperature. The high temperature of the pressurized liquid water can reduce the viscosity and surface tension of water so it will increase the diffusion rates and absorption. The higher the solid:liquid ratio, the greater the different concentration between interior and exterior cell, which promote the high efficiency of diffusion process.

Curcumin Extraction, Isolation, Quantification and Its Application in Functional Foods: A Review With a Focus on Immune Enhancement Activities and COVID-19

“…The findings show that all researchers had extracted the powdered sample as it increases the extraction yield ( Table 4 ). Yulianto et al ( 145 ) obtained the higher extraction yield on using high temperature (140 and 150°C) for extraction and a lower solid:liquid ratio (1:10) also offered a higher concentration of the curcumin. Apart from these, it is also important to choose the correct solvent, as it affects the extraction yield as well as increases the toxicity of the extract.…”