The effect of low-temperature conditions on the electrochemical polymerization of polypyrrole films with high density, high electrical conductivity and high stability

Yoon, C.O.; Sung, Hyun Kyung; Kim, Jong Hun; Barsoukov, Evgenij; Lee, Hosull

doi:10.1016/s0379-6779(98)01494-5

Cited by 76 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We were able to grow good quality PPy(DBS) films of uniform thickness and showing the typical cauliflower like surface 23 . The LSM was able to follow the growth of the PPy film perfectly as can be seen in figure 4.…”

Section: Ppy Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of film thickness on polypyrrole actuation assessed using novel non-contact strain measurements

Melling

Wilson

Jager

2013

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Micro-actuators have been developed that exploit the electrochemically induced volume change of the electro-active polymer polypyrrole. The strain regime is inherently complex at a physical level and whilst volume change can be estimated indirectly using, for instance, bending beam theory, such methods become unreliable for large deflections owing to limitations in the mathematical model. A new non-contact measuring technique based on laser micrometry is presented to characterize the timedependent expansion of electro-active films such as polypyrrole. Measurements have been made which demonstrate that the observed strain is dependent on film thickness. The new measurement technique is straightforward to perform and it is anticipated that it can be used for future materials development and performance assessment, including long term stability evaluations and operational failure studies of the films.

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Section: Ppy Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of film thickness on polypyrrole actuation assessed using novel non-contact strain measurements

Melling

Wilson

Jager

2013

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…However, a relatively low temperature during the synthesis might require higher electrochemical polymerisation potential. In addition, a solution containing in 0.1 M of pyrrole monomer, 0.1 M of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBA-PF6) and 1 vol.% of water in propylene carbonate (PC), the conductivity of the polymer decreases when the synthesis is carried out below −40°C [13]. This behaviour is opposite to other polymers such as polyaniline which conductivity increases when the electropolymerization was carried out in a non-aqueous solution of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) without a protic acid at temperatures varying from 248 to 298 K [14].…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposited conductive polymers for controlled drug release: polypyrrole

Alshammary

Walsh

Herrasti

et al. 2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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Over the last 40 years, electrically conductive polymers have become well established as important electrode materials. Polyanilines, polythiophenes and polypyrroles have received particular attention due to their ease of synthesis, chemical stability, mechanical robustness and the ability to tailor their properties. Electrochemical synthesis of these materials as films have proved to be a robust and simple way to realise surface layers with controlled thickness, electrical conductivity and ion transport. In the last decade, the biomedical compatibility of electrodeposited polymers has become recognised; in particular, polypyrroles have been studied extensively and can provide an effective route to pharmaceutical drug release. The factors controlling the electrodeposition of this polymer from practical electrolytes are considered in this review including electrolyte composition and operating conditions such as the temperature and electrode potential. Voltammetry and current-time behaviour are seen to be effective techniques for film characterisation during and after their formation. The degree of take-up and the rate of drug release depend greatly on the structure, composition and oxidation state of the polymer film. Specialised aspects are considered, including galvanic cells with a Mg anode, use of catalytic nanomotors or implantable biofuel cells for a self-powered drug delivery system and nanoporous surfaces and nanostructures. Following a survey of polymer and drug types, progress in this field is summarised and aspects requiring further research are highlighted.

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“…Recently, the focus has been diverted to graphene-based materials since they have shown immense theoretical and practical advantages, such as a large surface area, excellent conductivity and capacitance, as well as relatively low production costs [5][6][7][8]. On the other hand, polypyrrole (PPy), which is an ideal candidate for pseudo-capacitor electrode, is receiving considerable attention as a result of its high electrical properties [9], ease of preparation, good environment stability [10] and large specific capacitance [11]. Redox metal oxides such as RuO 2 and MnO 2 are also promising materials for pseudo-capacitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiostatically deposited polypyrrole/graphene decorated nano-manganese oxide ternary film for supercapacitors

Lim

Tan

Lim

et al. 2014

Ceramics International

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractA simple method based on potentiostatic polymerization was developed for the preparation of ternary manganese oxide-based nanocomposite films. The ternary nanocomposites, which were characterized using x-ray diffraction spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, showed that the manganese oxide within the film consisted of MnO 2 and Mn 2 O 3 . Electrochemical measurements showed that the ternary nanocomposite electrode exhibited high specific capacitance (up to 320.6 F/g), which was attributed to the morphology of a polypyrrole/graphene/manganese-oxide (PPy/GR/MnO x ) ternary nanocomposite. The experimental approach maximized the pseudocapacitive contribution from redox-active manganese oxide (MnO x ) and polypyrrole (PPy), as well as the electrochemical double layer capacitive (EDLC) characteristic from graphene (GR) sheets. Long cyclic measurements indicated that the specific capacitance of the ternary nanocomposite film could retain 93% of its initial value over 1,000 charge/discharge cycles, in the potential range of -0.2 to 0.7 V vs. silver/silver chloride electrode (Ag/AgCl).

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The effect of low-temperature conditions on the electrochemical polymerization of polypyrrole films with high density, high electrical conductivity and high stability

Cited by 76 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of film thickness on polypyrrole actuation assessed using novel non-contact strain measurements

The effect of film thickness on polypyrrole actuation assessed using novel non-contact strain measurements

Electrodeposited conductive polymers for controlled drug release: polypyrrole

Potentiostatically deposited polypyrrole/graphene decorated nano-manganese oxide ternary film for supercapacitors

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