The effect of ketorolac on biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from post-cataract endophthalmitis

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ketorolac on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients with post-cataract endophthalmitis. Methods Forty S. epidermidis strains isolated from postoperative endophthalmitis were used for this study. Biofilms were grown on microtitre plates for 24 h, dyed, and stained with crystal violet. The mean optical density (OD) and the OD ratio (ODr = OD of the treated biofilm/OD of the untreated biofilm) were used for quantification. The biofilms were incubated with 13 mM ketorolac and without ketorolac for controls. Results The biofilm ODs of the S. epidermidis isolates untreated and treated with ketorolac were significantly different (0.335 ± 0.06 versus 0.158 ± 0.03, respectively; mean ± SD; P < 0.001). Ketorolac reduced S. epidermidis biofilm formation by 47.6 %. Conclusions Ketorolac, at a concentration of 13 mM, significantly reduces the formation of biofilm by strains of S. epidermidis that caused endophthalmitis.

Prevention of Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Soft Contact Lenses Using Natural Compounds

“…It is essential that CL-care solutions should be able to sufficiently decrease the amount of pathogens in order to decrease the risk of CL-related infections [ 13 ]. In addition, some infectious ocular diseases are due to bacterial biofilm formation, biofilm is highly resistant to many antimicrobials [ 14 , 15 ]. Hence, CL-care solutions should have ability to reduce or prevent biofilm formation on CL.…”

Anti-Biofilm Effects of Torilis japonica Ethanol Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus

“…After treating MSSA KCTC 1927, MRSA KCCM 40510, and MRSA KCCM 40511 with TJE, the mRNA expression of agrA, sarA, icaA, RNAIII, and hla was determined to investigate the effects of TJE on the agr system (Figs. [4][5][6]. The TJE which inhibited biofilm formation was found to regulate the mRNA expression of agrA, sarA, icaA, RNAIII, and hla in S. aureus.…”

“…At present, the long-term use of antibiotics has resulted in the development of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains that are associated with various clinical issues such as treatment failure and transmission of antibiotics resistance [ 4 , 5 ]. Furthermore, S. aureus forms biofilms which may confer antibiotic resistance, making infections with these strains even more difficult to treat [ 6 ].…”

“…The pathogenicity of pathogens through biofilm and QS increases various virulence factors that threaten health [ 6 , 8 ]. Many pathogens, including S. aureus , use QS to control toxicity and form biofilm, and therefore, the blocking of toxicity control mechanisms by natural products can be applied in various ways to control microbial infection [ 24 ].…”

“…At present, the long-term use of antibiotics has resulted in the development of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains that are associated with various clinical issues such as treatment failure and transmission of antibiotics resistance [4,5]. Furthermore, S. aureus forms biofilms which may confer antibiotic resistance, making infections with these strains even more difficult to treat [6].A biofilm is a collection of bacterial polymeric compounds, typically consisting of proteins, extracellular DNA, and polysaccharides, which adhere together and to a specific surface [7]. Biofilm-forming bacteria show higher resistance to antibiotics than that of planktonic bacteria, resulting in chronic or re-infection [8].…”