The Effect of Isokinetic Testing Speed on the Reliability of Muscle Fatigue Indicators During a Hip Abductor-Adductor Fatigue Protocol

Gautrey, C; Watson, Tim; Mitchell, Andrew C.S.

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1321801

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The use of isokinetic dynamometry has extensively been used by clinicians and scientists to assess the muscular performance of different muscle groups. Collected data can objectively be used for the diagnosis, the evaluation and the monitoring of specific rehabilitation and training programs [ 1 – 3 ]. Previous findings have established that muscular fatigue negatively affects human performance due to a reduction of the muscular force generating capacity that occurs during repetitive muscular contractions [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in shoulder performance fatiguability are affected by arm position, dominance and muscle group

Horobeanu

Pullinger²,

Paulus

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Injury prevalence data, muscle strength, and fatiguability differ between males and females. In addition, arm spatial orientation affects muscle activation and strength of the shoulder muscles. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted in relation to the shoulder rotator muscles comparing men and women. Therefore, the main aim of of this study was to perform a comparative investigation between two arm spatial orientations (45° and 90° of abduction in the frontal plane) during a fatigue assessment of the internal rotator (IR) and external rotator (ER) shoulder muscles. Secondly, the interaction between sex and dominance with muscular performance was assessed. Methods Forty healthy sedentary participants, 20 males and 20 females took part in this study. Participants performed a fatigue resistance protocol consisting of 30 consecutive maximal concentric contractions of the IR and ER shoulder muscles in a supine position at a speed of 180°/s. The upper limb was abducted to an angle of 45° or 90° in the frontal plane and each participant was tested on the dominant and nom-dominant side, counterbalanced in order of administration. Performance measures of Induced Fatigue (IF; %), Cumulated Performance (C.Perf; J) and Best Repetition (BR; J) were calculated and used for analysis. IF represents the % difference between the amount of work done over the last 3 and first 3 repetitions, BR represents the largest amount of work done during a single contraction, and C.Perf represents the total amount of work done during all repetitions. Results Muscle group was the only factor to display significant variation when not considering other factors, with higher values for C.Perf (mean difference = 353.59 J, P < 0.0005), BR (mean difference = 14.21 J, P < 0.0005) and IF (mean difference = 3.65%, P = 0.0046). There was a significant difference between both angles, with higher values observed at 90° compared to 45° of abduction for C.Perf by ~ 7.5% (mean difference = 75 to 152 J) and ~ 10.8% (mean difference = 5.1 to 9.4 J) for BR in the ER, in males and females respectively (P < 0.0005). The dominant arm was significantly stronger than the non-dominant arm for C.Perf by 11.7% (mean difference = 111.58 J) for males and by 18% (mean difference = 82.77 J) for females in the ER at 45° abduction. At 90° abduction, only females were stronger in the dominant arm by 18.8% (mean difference = 88.17 J). Values for BR ranged from 9.2 to 21.8% depending on the abduction angle and sex of the athlete (mean difference = 2.44 – 4.85 J). Males were significantly stronger than females by 48.8 to 50.7% for values of C.Perf and BR in both the IR and ER (P < 0.0005). There was a significant difference between the ER and IR muscles, with significantly higher values observed for the IR in C.Perf (mean difference = 331.74 J) by 30.0% and in BR (mean difference = 13.31 J) by 26.64%. Discussion Differences in shoulder performance fatiguability between sexes are affected by arm position, arm dominance and muscle groups. In agreement with the literature, performance values in males were approximately 50% higher than in females. However, the amount of IF was no different between both sexes. Based on findings in literature, it could be suggested that this is due to differences between males and females in motor control and/or coordination strategies during repetitive tasks. In addition, we also observed the IR muscles to be significantly stronger than the ER muscles. It has long been established in literature that these observations are due to the muscle-size differences between both muscle groups, where the IR muscles can produce a larger amount of force due to the larger cross-sectional area. Results of our study found similar ER:IR ratios compared to previous reports. Conclusion Therefore, these findings are useful for clinicians when monitoring rehabilitation programs in sedentary individuals following shoulder injuries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in shoulder performance fatiguability are affected by arm position, dominance and muscle group

Horobeanu

Pullinger²,

Paulus

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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“…This might be because the knee extensors are most active during excursions directed anteriorly. When performing anterior excursions, participants lean backwards and extend the trunk, which causes an extension moment within the knee extensors [9]; hence, better dynamic stability produced significantly greater relative torque concentrically with the knee extensors in our study. In contrast, in the posterolateral, posterior, and posteromedial directions, the body position attained for these excursions by the trunk tends to be more flexed, which places a greater eccentric strain on the hamstrings [20]; thus the medial hamstring and biceps femoris tend to be more active during posterior excursions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Isokinetic velocities are clinically proposed for concentric training at various angular speed modes ranging from 0 °/sec to 300 °/sec. The different speed and muscle torque associations have been studied extensively [9]; however, isokinetic knee joint concentric muscle strength at various A two to three minutes' rest was given to each participant before advancing to the next angular velocity. The isokinetic components assessed were concentric PT of knee extensors (quadriceps) and flexors (hamstring), and the hamstring:quadriceps (H:Q) ratio was measured at three angular velocities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Isokinetic Knee Muscle Torque at Different Angular Velocities on Standing Posture Stability in Healthy Adults

AlAbdulwahab

Kachanathu

Alodaibi

2018

Phys Med Rehab Kuror

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Objectives Knee muscle groups contribute to proper and safe static and dynamic standing posture stability. The impact of isokinetic knee muscle torque at various angular velocities on standing posture stability is poorly understood. We investigated the influence of isokinetic knee muscle torque at different angular velocities on standing posture stability. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting King Saud University Campus labs. Method The study population was a convenience sample of 30 healthy volunteer college students with a mean age of 20±2 years. Isokinetic concentric peak torque (PT) of knee extensor (Q) and flexor (H) muscle groups as well as the flexor to extensor (H:Q) ratio at three different angular velocities: (60, 180, and 300°/s) were measured, respectively. The postural stability was also measured in both static and dynamic components. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between the different isokinetic components and postural stability (both static and dynamic). Results The PT of Q and H muscle groups and the H:Q ratio at the 3 different angular velocities were significantly associated with static standing balance with eye open on a firm surface (p<0.033). Moreover, the PT of Q at 60 and 180°/s angular velocities was significantly associated with maximum and endpoint excursion components of dynamic standing balance (p<0.044). Conclusions The PT of both Q and H muscle groups at different angular velocities are associated with maintenance of standing static balance. PT of Q only is significantly associated with control of dynamic standing balance in the lower angular velocities.

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“…The side lying single chair hip abduction/adduction protocol was chosen, as opposed to a standing hip abduction/adduction protocol, due to the chair and straps of the isokinetic dynamometer being able to control for torso and pelvis movement. It may be argued that standing hip abduction/adduction has more relevance to walking, however, the design of the system 2 dynamometer does not allow for support of the torso and pelvis during the standing protocol [154].…”

Section: Physiological Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently the investigation into the musculature around the hip has become of interest, especially in regards to patients with a history of functional ankle instability (FAI) [154]. It has been suggested that patients with a history of FAI may have a weakness in muscles surrounding the hip, primarily the gluteus medius, which results in a more adducted foot placement during the gait cycle [143,287].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Velocity on Load Range during Isokinetic Hip Abduction and Adduction Exercise

2013

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The purpose of this study was to quantify the components of acceleration, load range and deceleration through a velocity spectrum during concentric hip abduction and adduction isokinetic exercise, and to investigate the effect of load range on peak torque and work done. 16 male healthy subjects performed 3 maximal concentric reciprocal hip abduction and adduction gravity corrected repetitions in a fixed order at 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 and 420° · s-1, with a 30 s rest between velocities. Hip abduction and adduction results revealed that load range significantly decreased while acceleration and deceleration ROM significantly increased (p<0.05) with each increase in velocity. When the total peak torque data was corrected for load range there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in peak torque at velocities of 300° · s-1 and above, for both hip abduction and adduction. Load range correction also resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.05) in work done at velocities of 120° · s-1 and above, for both hip abduction and adduction. The results demonstrate an inverse relationship between isokinetic velocity and load range during concentric hip abduction and adduction, and suggest a need for the clinician to carefully consider velocity selection when performing exercise on an isokinetic device.

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The Effect of Isokinetic Testing Speed on the Reliability of Muscle Fatigue Indicators During a Hip Abductor-Adductor Fatigue Protocol

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Sex differences in shoulder performance fatiguability are affected by arm position, dominance and muscle group

Sex differences in shoulder performance fatiguability are affected by arm position, dominance and muscle group

Influence of Isokinetic Knee Muscle Torque at Different Angular Velocities on Standing Posture Stability in Healthy Adults

The Effect of Velocity on Load Range during Isokinetic Hip Abduction and Adduction Exercise

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