The Effect of In Vivo Mobilization of Bone Marrow Stem Cells on the Pancreas of Diabetic Albino Rats (A Histological & Immunohistochemical Study)

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The rapidly increasing number of diabetic patients across the world drew the attention to develop more effective therapeutic approaches. Recent investigations on newly differentiated insulin producing cells (IPCs) revealed that they could be derived from embryonic, adult mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells. This work was planned to evaluate the role of StemEnhance (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae [AFA] plant extract) in mobilizing naturally occurring bone marrow stem cells as well as in improving streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods and Results: Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups namely the control, the diabetic, the positive control-StemEnhance and the diabetic-StemEnhance groups. After diabetes induction by streptozotocin (STZ), rats received StemEnhance for four weeks. The mean number of blood CD34 immunopositive cells was measured by flowcytometry and random blood sugar was measured weekly. The pancreas was removed from the sacrificed rats and processed for staining with H&E and immunohistochemical staining for CD34+ve and insulin +ve cells. CD34+ve cells increased in the blood after introduction of StemEnhance. CD34+ve cells were observed in the pancreas and the insulin producing cells in the islets of Langerhans were increased from the second to the fourth week of treatment. Blood glucose level improved but it was still higher than the control level after four weeks of StemEnhance treatment. Conclusions: This work points to the significant role of StemEnhance in stem cell mobilization and the improvement of diabetes mellitus.

Effect of Bone Marrow Versus Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Pancreas of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Type I in Adult Male Rats (Histological Study)

“…Some cells showed features of apoptosis; cells with small darkly stained condensed nuclei (pyknotic nuclei). These findings coincide with a recent research that reported the degeneration of β -cells of islets of Langerhans following STZ injection [29] . These observations could explain the persistent elevation of the random blood sugar level and the significant decrease in the mean area percent of insulin positive reaction in the diabetic group versus the control group detected in the current study.…”

Effects of Recovery Period and Stem Cell Enhancer on Bisphenol a Treated Female Albino Rats

“…(61) Furthermore, SCE-mobilized BM-HSCs increased the number of insulin-producing cells in islets of Langerhans and reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. (62) Combination of Cyanophyta Aphanizomenon flos-aqua (AFA), Undaria pinnatifida, Polygonum multiflorum, and Cordyceps sinensis may have individual physiological effects, additive effects, and/or synergistic effects with one another, such as serving as both a releasing agent and migration agent. (15) Stem cells circulating in the peripheral blood stream are recruited to sites of tissue in need of repair and regeneration through homing and extravasation.…”

“…(66) Bone marrow stem cell mobilization may enhance the intrinsic capability of hepatocytes to proliferate by releasing proliferative cytokines and/or reducing fibrosis, thereby removing the block in the way to hepatocyte proliferation. (67) BMSCs and HSCs were shown to have the ability to become muscle cells, (68) heart cells, (62) endothelium capillary cells, (69) liver cells, (70) lung cells, gut cells, (71) skin cells, (72) and brain cells. (73) As a further illustration, a previous study performed an experiment which not only demonstrated the ability of HSCs to become liver cells upon contact with specific liver derived molecules, but also shows that this process took place within hours in injured liver cells, but the conversion was minimal and delayed when HSCs were exposed to undamaged liver.…”

Nouvelle approche thérapeutique complémentaire par des mobilisateurs naturels de cellules souches dans les processus de régénération et de réparation

“…Un extrait d'AFA( Aphanizomenon flos aquae-Algue Klamath) nommé StemEnhance ® contient un inhibiteur de la L-sélectine, protéine d'adhésion maintenant les cellules souches dans la moelle osseuse. Il possède des données toxicologiques, précliniques et cliniques connues depuis 10 ans [116,[120][121][122][123]. La L-sélectine est une protéine d'adhésion maintenant les cellules souches dans la moelle osseuse.…”