The Effect of Dry Matter Content and Silage Additives on the Fermentation of Bunker-Made Grass Silage on Commercial Farms in England 1984-91

Haigh, P. M.

doi:10.1006/jaer.1996.0066

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This conclusion , which agrees with that for silages made in England , 2 suggests that the silage making techniques used in the present survey have improved compared with previous surveys , 3 -5 which showed that silages with DM concentrations above 250 g / kg were well fermented without additive use , while silages of lower DM content were not . However , below DM 220 g / kg , silages in the present survey were far less well fermented than silages made in England .…”

Section: 1 Silage Dm Contentsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…2 The fact that other additives appear to perform less well on commercial farms than in present experiments 2 4 and their relative inef fectiveness compared with formic acid may be inherent in their modes of action . …”

Section: 23mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…DM below 220 g / kg , the proportion of well fermented silages compared with non-additive-treated silages , was consistently improved by formic acid and to a lesser extent formic acid based , inorganic acid and acid with formalin additives . 2 Above this DM content , formic acid , acid with formalin and inoculants similarly improved the proportion of well fermented silages .…”

Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 84%

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The Effect of Dry Matter Content and Silage Additives on the Fermentation of Bunker-Made Grass Silages on Commercial Farms in Wales 1987-93

Haigh¹

1996

Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research

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A total of 4224 samples of silage made in bunkers on commercial farms between 1987 and 1993 was analysed to investigate the ef fect of dry matter (DM) content and silage additives on fermentation as measured by ammonia-N concentration and pH . Increasing DM content without additive use had a major beneficial influence on fermentation . When silage DM contents were greater than 240 g / kg at least 70% of the silages were well fermented . Below this , with diminishing DM concentration , the proportion of well fermented silages declined so that with DM below 180 g / kg only 14% were well fermented .The benefit of silage additives was extremely variable . Below DM concentrations of 200 g / kg , formic acid and formic acid based additives improved the proportion of well fermented silages , compared with non-additive-treated silages , by about 50% . Similarly , acid with formalin use provided 40% improvement and inoculant additives provided 16% improvement . Acid mixtures , inorganic acids , salts , enzymes , sugars and absorbents provided little or no benefit compared with non-additive-treated silages .Above DM 200 g / kg the benefit of formic acid and acid with formalin additives in terms of improving the proportion of well fermented silages , compared with non-additive-treated silages , declined with increasing DM from about 30% units increase in the DM range 200 -220 g / kg , to only 2% increase for silages with DM above 300 g / kg . In contrast , over 90% of silages treated with formic acid based additives were well fermented irrespective of DM content . In the DM range 220 -280 g / kg inoculants improved the proportion of well fermented silages compared with nonadditive-treated silages , by about 15 -20% . Above this DM they provided a small improvement of about 5% . . Materials and methodsSilage sampling and chemical analyses were carried out as described by Haigh 2 except that ash was also determined on the silages according to the Ministry of Agriculture , Fisheries and Food .8 Some absorbents 7 were also used as additives . Silage metabolisable energy (ME) value was estimated from the prediction of in i o organic matter digestibility using near-infrared dif fuse spectrum spectroscopy based on the procedures described by Barber et al . . ResultsThe incidence of additive use in relation to DM , protein (CP) , ME and ash content of silages is given in Tables 1 and 2 and the mean DM , CP , ME and ash content of the silages in Table 3 . . 1 . The relationship between additi e use and DM concentrationAbout 45% of the silages sampled had received additive . Average DM concentration of non-additivetreated silages was 266 g / kg . Additive use tended to decrease as silage DM content increased .For silages with DM below 180 g / kg 83% of the silages were treated with additive . In the DM range 180 -240 g / kg about 55% of silages were treated with additive . Additive use then declined by about 3% for each 10 g / kg decrease in DM . Thus , for silages with DM above 300 g / kg , only 30% were treated with additive . Fo...

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Section: 1 Silage Dm Contentsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: 23mentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 84%

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The Effect of Dry Matter Content and Silage Additives on the Fermentation of Bunker-Made Grass Silages on Commercial Farms in Wales 1987-93

Haigh¹

1996

Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research

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“…The content of ammonia nitrogen in silage is another parameter indicative of the course of the fermentation process. In properly prepared silage it should not exceed 10% of total N (Haigh, 1996(Haigh, , 1998. In this study, the level of ammoniacal nitrogen in the silages was lower.…”

Section: The Chemical Composition Of the Silage Is Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 54%

The influence of additives facilitating ensiling on the quality of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) silage

Podkówka¹,

Gęsiński²,

Podkówka³

2018

j. cent. eur. agric.

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Chenopodium quinoa Willd. is a new plant in the conditions of Poland. At harvest, it has a low content of dry matter, which makes it difficult to ensile. For this reason, a study was undertaken on the effect of microbial and chemical additives on selected quality characteristics of quinoa silage. Traits determining the suitability of the green forage and the influence of silage additives were assessed. A microbial additive and a chemical additive were used. The microbial additive contained bacterial strains of Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici (concentration 1.25•10 11 CFU•g-1) and was applied in the amount of 1 g•t-1 of fresh material. The chemical additive contained formic acid, propionic acid and ammonium formate, and was added in the amount of 5 l•t-1 of fresh material. The quality of the quinoa silage depending on the additive used was evaluated. The fresh material of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. contained only 6.42% water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in dry matter (DM) and its fermentability coefficient was 29.2. Lactic acid was predominant in the silage, while the content of acetic acid was average. In the control silage (without additives), small amounts of butyric acid (0.04% DM) were noted, so its quality according to the Flieg-Zimmer scale was good. No butyric acid was found in the silage prepared with additives, and their quality was very good. The control silage contained more N-NH 3 than the silage prepared with additives (P≤0.01). This indicated that the preservatives (silage additives) limited the process of protein degradation in the quinoa silage.

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“…On the other hand, acetic acid and butyric acid contents were decreased by treatment with inoculant. In general, it was reported that LAB additives increased lactic acid and decreased butyric acid contents [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in fermentation pattern and quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage by wilting and inoculant treatments

et al. 2021

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Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of wilting and microbial inoculant treatment on the fermentation pattern and quality of Italian ryegrass silage.Methods: Italian ryegrass was harvested at heading stage and ensiled into vinyl bags (20 cm×30 cm) for 60d. Italian ryegrass was ensiled with 4 treatments (NWNA, no-wilting noadditive; NWA, no-wilting with additive; WNA, wilting no-additive; WA, wilting with additive) in 3 replications, wilting time was 5 hours and additives were treated with 106 cfu/g of Lactobacillus plantarum. The silages samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 days after ensiling and analyzed for the ensiling quality and characteristics of fermentation patterns.Results: Wilting treatment resulted in lower crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility and there were no significant differences in acid detergent fiber (ADF), total digestible nutrient (TDN), water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), ammonia content, and pH (p>0.05). However, wilting treatment resulted in higher ADF and neutral detergent fiber content of Italian ryegrass silage (p<0.05), and the WNA treatment showed the lowest TDN and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The pH of the silage was higher in the wilting group (WNA and WA) and lower in the additive treatment group. Meanwhile, the decrease in pH occurred sharply between the 3-5th day of storage. The ammonia nitrogen content was significantly lower in the additive treatment (p<0.05), and wilting had no effect. As fermentation progressed, the lactic and acetic acid contents were increased and showed the highest content at 30 days of storage.Conclusion: The wilting treatment did not significantly improve the silage fermentation, but the inoculant treatment improved the fermentation patterns and quality of the silage. So, inoculation before ensiling is recommended when preparing high quality of Italian ryegrass silage, and when wilting, it is recommended to combine inoculation for making high quality silage.

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The Effect of Dry Matter Content and Silage Additives on the Fermentation of Bunker-Made Grass Silage on Commercial Farms in England 1984-91

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

The Effect of Dry Matter Content and Silage Additives on the Fermentation of Bunker-Made Grass Silages on Commercial Farms in Wales 1987-93

The Effect of Dry Matter Content and Silage Additives on the Fermentation of Bunker-Made Grass Silages on Commercial Farms in Wales 1987-93

The influence of additives facilitating ensiling on the quality of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) silage

Changes in fermentation pattern and quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage by wilting and inoculant treatments

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