The effect of dodecylammonium chloride on the film morphology, crystallinity, and performance of lead-free Bi-based solution-processed photovoltaics devices

Ali, Nasir; Attique, Sanam; Rauf, Sajid; Wang, Xiaoyu; Khesro, Amir; Ali, Shahid; Asghar, Muhammad Imran; Yang, Shikuan; Lund, Peter; Wu, Huizhen

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.034

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The direct or indirect band gap nature of the material can be predicted from the Tauc plot, that is, by plotting (α h υ) n versus the incident photon’s energy (eV); where “α” is the absorption coefficient, “ h ” is the Planck’s constant, and “υ” is the frequency of the incident photon. Additionally, the superscript is adjusted based on the nature of the band gap, that is, n = 2 is used for a direct band gap, while n = 1/2 is used for an indirect band gap semiconductor. , Since in our case, the prepared material is an indirect band gap semiconductor, we used n = 1/2 in the Tauc plot, as shown in Figure S10. The spectra show a negligible lower-energy absorption tail, indicating the material’s indirect band gap nature .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the superscript is adjusted based on the nature of the band gap, that is, n = 2 is used for a direct band gap, while n = 1/2 is used for an indirect band gap semiconductor. , Since in our case, the prepared material is an indirect band gap semiconductor, we used n = 1/2 in the Tauc plot, as shown in Figure S10. The spectra show a negligible lower-energy absorption tail, indicating the material’s indirect band gap nature . It has been observed in the spectra that the absorption edge for Sr 0.5 Pr 0.5 F 0.4 Ti 0.6 O 3−δ is around 440 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spectra show a negligible lower-energy absorption tail, indicating the material's indirect band gap nature. 68 It has been observed in the spectra that the absorption edge for Sr 0.5 Pr 0.5 F 0.4 Ti 0.6 O 3−δ is around 440 nm. However, the absorption edge moves toward a higher wavelength with the doping of Mg ions.…”

Section: Synergistic Effect Of Mg Dopingmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr_0.5Pr_0.5Fe_0.2Mg_0.2Ti_0.6O_3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Rauf

Hanif

Mushtaq

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Achieving fast ionic conductivity in the electrolyte at low operating temperatures while maintaining the stable and high electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is challenging. Herein, we propose a new type of electrolyte based on perovskite Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.4Ti0.6O3−δ for low-temperature SOFCs. The ionic conducting behavior of the electrolyte is modulated using Mg doping, and three different Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.4–x Mg x Ti0.6O3−δ (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.2) samples are prepared. The synthesized Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.2Mg0.2Ti0.6O3−δ (SPFMg0.2T) proved to be an optimal electrolyte material, exhibiting a high ionic conductivity of 0.133 S cm–1 along with an attractive fuel cell performance of 0.83 W cm–2 at 520 °C. We proved that a proper amount of Mg doping (20%) contributes to the creation of an adequate number of oxygen vacancies, which facilitates the fast transport of the oxide ions. Considering its rapid oxide ion transport, the prepared SPFMg0.2T presented heterostructure characteristics in the form of an insulating core and superionic conduction via surface layers. In addition, the effect of Mg doping is intensively investigated to tune the band structure for the transport of charged species. Meanwhile, the concept of energy band alignment is employed to interpret the working principle of the proposed electrolyte. Moreover, the density functional theory is utilized to determine the perovskite structures of SrTiO3−δ and Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.4–x Mg x Ti0.6O3−δ (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.2) and their electronic states. Further, the SPFMg0.2T with 20% Mg doping exhibited low dissociation energy, which ensures the fast and high ionic conduction in the electrolyte. Inclusively, Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.4Ti0.6O3−δ is a promising electrolyte for SOFCs, and its performance can be efficiently boosted via Mg doping to modulate the energy band structure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synergistic Effect Of Mg Dopingmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr_0.5Pr_0.5Fe_0.2Mg_0.2Ti_0.6O_3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Rauf

Hanif

Mushtaq

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In contrast, Bi-based analogues demonstrate low toxicity and remarkable stability in air, making them promising candidates for Pb-based alternatives. , To date, various Bi-based materials have been reported, including FA 3 Bi 2 I 9 (FA: formamidinium), MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 (MA: methylammonium), Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 , and CsBi 3 I 10 . Among them, all-inorganic CsBi 3 I 10 has emerged as one of the most promising photovoltaic materials owing to its good chemical stability, appropriate band gap (1.78 eV), and strong visible light absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony Doping of CsBi₃I₁₀ for Tailoring the Film Morphology and Defects toward Efficient Lead-Free Thin-Film Solar Cells

Yang

Deng

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The CsBi3I10 (CBI) semiconductor as a light absorber emerges as a promising alternative to lead-based perovskites owing to its low toxicity, good stability, and satisfying physical properties. However, CBI exhibits an uncontrollable crystallization process, poor film morphology, high defect density, and short carrier lifetime, which lead to inferior optoelectronic properties, limiting its practical application in solar cell devices. Here, the Sb doping strategy is successfully developed for CBI films by a one-step antisolvent-free fabrication method. It is found that Sb incorporation in binary CsBi3–x Sb x I10 can modulate the crystallization kinetics and optimize the film quality. As a result, polycrystalline films with high density and few pinholes are obtained to enable the enhancement of light absorbance, reduction of defects, suppression of nonradiative recombination, and increase of surface hydrophobicity. The solar cells based on the CsBi2.7Sb0.3I10 film show a remarkably improved power conversion efficiency of 0.82% compared to that of pristine CBI (0.22%), which is among the highest reported efficiencies for CBI-based thin-film solar cells. Moreover, unencapsulated devices based on Sb-doped CBI exhibit outstanding environmental stability and moisture tolerance. This work not only offers insights into understanding the binary Bi-based materials but also provides a new way to fabricate efficient and stable Bi-based solar cells.

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“…Advancement in compositional engineering and other novel strategies (other than the prevailing ones) is desired to control the rapid crystallization in HPVKs and fabricate high‐quality perovskite films with minimized energy losses in PV devices. [ 146 ] Furthermore, novel strategies are necessary to fabricate HPVK thin films with larger grain size to reduce grain boundaries and promote steady charge transportation in PV devices.…”

Section: Outlook and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontoxic and Less Toxic Hybrid Perovskites: a Synergistic Strategy for Sustainable Photovoltaic Devices

et al. 2021

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A research hotspot for the last decade, organometal‐halide perovskites are now showing their promise in numerous optoelectronic devices. With power conversion efficiency (PCE) greater than 25%, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are approaching the status of popular monocrystalline silicon–based solar cells (SCs). However, the presence of a bioaccumulative lead (Pb) in these perovskite compounds hinders their scalability and commercialization. The endeavor on nontoxic alternatives has triggered a new field of perovskites where Pb has been successfully eliminated. Preliminary studies of photovoltaic (PV) devices based on Pb‐free perovskites have shown some promise; however, they failed to exhibit comparable performance and compositional stability. Therefore, to exploit together the advantages of high efficiency and lesser toxicity, combinations of Pb alternatives with each other as well as with conventional Pb are required in the perovskite framework to fabricate hybrid perovskites (HPVKs). The first part of this Review briefly discusses all possible Pb substitutes and their limitations in PV devices. Based on the Pb contents, the second part elaborates on the two different types of HPVKs (i.e., nontoxic and less toxic) and their progress in photovoltaics. The Review concludes with an outlook discussing current challenges in the way of HPVKs and prospective opportunities to assess their future progress.

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The effect of dodecylammonium chloride on the film morphology, crystallinity, and performance of lead-free Bi-based solution-processed photovoltaics devices

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr_0.5Pr_0.5Fe_0.2Mg_0.2Ti_0.6O_3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr_0.5Pr_0.5Fe_0.2Mg_0.2Ti_0.6O_3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Antimony Doping of CsBi₃I₁₀ for Tailoring the Film Morphology and Defects toward Efficient Lead-Free Thin-Film Solar Cells

Nontoxic and Less Toxic Hybrid Perovskites: a Synergistic Strategy for Sustainable Photovoltaic Devices

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The effect of dodecylammonium chloride on the film morphology, crystallinity, and performance of lead-free Bi-based solution-processed photovoltaics devices

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.2Mg0.2Ti0.6O3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr0.5Pr0.5Fe0.2Mg0.2Ti0.6O3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Antimony Doping of CsBi3I10 for Tailoring the Film Morphology and Defects toward Efficient Lead-Free Thin-Film Solar Cells

Nontoxic and Less Toxic Hybrid Perovskites: a Synergistic Strategy for Sustainable Photovoltaic Devices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr_0.5Pr_0.5Fe_0.2Mg_0.2Ti_0.6O_3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Modulating the Energy Band Structure of the Mg-Doped Sr_0.5Pr_0.5Fe_0.2Mg_0.2Ti_0.6O_3−δ Electrolyte with Boosted Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Antimony Doping of CsBi₃I₁₀ for Tailoring the Film Morphology and Defects toward Efficient Lead-Free Thin-Film Solar Cells