The Effect of Different Agricultural Wastes on Aroma Composition of Shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) Mushroom

Abstract

Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) popular as both edible and medicinal, is one of the most cultivated and consumed mushroom species in the world. Cultivation of this mushroom on different agricultural wastes has been experimented in many studies until today. Nevertheless, agricultural waste trials are going on as agricultural production patterns of the countries are different. In this study, volatile aroma composition of shiitake mushroom produced on different agricultural wastes (wheat stalk, wheat bran, peanut shell, corn cob and vine pruning waste) was compared. Oak sawdust was selected as control because of its common use in literature and substrate materials were mixed at different ratios. In addition, some substrate mixtures were prepared with poplar sawdust. Volatile compounds of the shiitake mushroom were determined by using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique combined with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). At the end of study, 41 volatile compounds were detected and dimethyl trisulfide, benzaldehyde, dimethyl disulfide, 1-octen-3-ol and 3-octanone were found to be dominant volatile components. Flavour and fragrance of mushrooms are dependent on many volatile aroma compounds and their proportions. While the concentration of eight-carbon components and hydrocarbons was found the highest by using wood straw, amount of sulphur containing compounds and alcohols increased by agricultural wastes in this study. In addition, corn waste positively affected aldehyde compounds.

Effect of Different Substrate Mixtures on Volatile Aroma Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Maitake Mushroom

“…In the comparison of growing mixtures, a higher result was obtained from S4 mixture containing oak sawdust for eight-carbon compounds than S5 containing poplar sawdust. Similar results were observed by Baktemur et al (2020), who investigated the effects of different agricultural wastes on the aroma composition of Shiitake mushroom. It was determined that growing mixtures containing oak sawdust produce a higher number of eight-carbon compounds than those containing poplar sawdust.…”

“…The ratio of this compound was found as 35.17% and 28.13% in the S4 containing oak sawdust and S5 containing poplar sawdust, respectively. Similar results were also determined by Baktemur et al (2020). Oak sawdust has been found to be more successful than poplar sawdust.…”

Optimal Conditions for the Production of Mother Culture for Cultivated Iraqi Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes RSR strain (Shiitake Mushroom)

“…Cultivation and modification programs for mother culture's production through increasing the methods of mushroom production in order to increase its qualities, sawdust and field crops such as wheat, barley, rice, and others, as well as leaves and stalks of millet, maize, banana in addition to yellow corn, and rice husks, are the major materials used in its production. In experiments on shiitake mushroom production, hazelnut husk, wheat straw, wheat bran, and beech sawdust have all been examined (Puri et al, 2011;Özçelik and Pekşen, 2007), eucalyptus sawdust, rice bran, wheat bran, soybean bran (Casaril et al, 2011), and chickpea straw, corn stalk, alfalfa hay, sunflower head residue (Atila, 2019), wheat stalk, wheat bran, peanut shell, corn cob and grapevine pruning waste (Baktemur et al, 2020) were also used.…”