The Effect of Diazepam on Pituitary Function in Man

Havard, C. W. H.; Saldanha, V. F.; Bird, R.G.; Gardner, Raymond E.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0520079

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Although the mean corticosteroid response to the stress of hypoglycaemia was only of significant difference at 120 min, individual cases showed considerable, apparently random, variation. This contrasts with results we have reported following treatment with diazepam in which we found the increment in plasma corticosteroid levels after insulin to be closely similar in patients before and after treatment with diazepam 10 mg 8-hourly (Havard et al, 1972). This could be related to the more stable mental state found in individuals with anxiety states than in those suffering from schizophrenia of sufficient severity to demand hospital admission, rather than any differing effect of the drugs on the pituitary-adrenal axis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Chlorpromazine on Pituitary Function

Saldanha

Havard

Bird

et al. 1972

Clinical Endocrinology

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Summary The pituitary‐adrenal response to stress and the production of growth hormone were studied in a group of schizophrenic patients before and after treatment with chlorpromazine in a dose of 300 mg daily for 1 week. Although there was a tendency for the growth hormone levels to be lower after treatment, the mean figures showed no significant differences. The mean plasma corticosteroid response to the stress of hypoglycaemia was only of significant difference at 120 min. Individual cases showed considerable, apparently random, variation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Chlorpromazine on Pituitary Function

Saldanha

Havard

Bird

et al. 1972

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…In this model, however, diazepam as well as alprazolam increased cortisol levels. In humans, at therapeutic doses, diazepam and its metabolites are reported to significantly lower plasma cortisol (4)(5)(6). This particular animal model therefore may not be appropriate to assess the normal human endocrinological response to benzodiazepine drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations to Plasma Melatonin and Cortisol After Evening Alprazolam Administration in Humans

McIntyre

Norman

Burrows

et al. 1993

Chronobiology International

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Six healthy volunteers were given a 2-mg dose of alprazolam at 21:00 h and hourly blood samples were collected until 08:00 h the following morning. A control night of hourly blood sampling was undertaken 7 days before Plasma was analyzed for melatonin, cortisol, and alprazolam concentrations. Melatonin concentrations were significantly suppressed by alprazolam at 23:00, midnight, 01:00, 06:00, and 07:00 h. A trend toward suppression was evident from 02:00 to 05:00 h. Cortisol concentrations were also suppressed by alprazolam at several times throughout the night (01:00-04:00 h). Plasma alprazolam levels showed a peak at 3 h and remained relatively high 19-20 h after the dose. The significance of melatonin suppression by alprazolam is discussed in terms of benzodiazepine binding sites and GABA minergic transmission in the human pineal gland, suprachiasmatic nuclei, and retina. Plasma cortisol suppression has been reported for other benzodiazepine drugs, but conflicting data exist for alprazolam. The present results do not support the proposed inhibitory effect of melatonin on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis. It is suggested that there is no simple direct relationship between melatonin and the HPA axis in humans.

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“…It was revealed by the indirect data of sev eral other studies [Havard et al, 1972;Lon ger et al, 1979;Nuller and Ostrumova, 1980;Johnstone and Ferrier, 1980] and also by our earlier examinations [Aratd et al, 1981a] that diazepam reduces the basal cortisol level and stress response. This finding prompted us to investigate the effect of diazepam pretreat ment on the ECT-induced PRL response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neuroendocrine Study of the Mechanism of Action of Electroconvulsive Therapy

Arató¹,

Bagdy²

1982

Neuropsychobiology

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The authors’ earlier studies indicated that prolactin (PRL) response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was not the result of stress reaction, because the secretion of other stress-sensitive hormones showed no parallel increase. The results of the present investigation are consistent with this findings as diazepam pretreatment failed to influence the PRL response induced by ECT. The rise of the serum PRL level was accompanied by a slight but significant decrease of the serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity. A significant negative correlation was found between baseline serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and PRL response. These data indicate a correlation between serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and central dopaminergic function. PRL response to ECT is supposed to be the result of the dopaminergic action of ECT.

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The Effect of Diazepam on Pituitary Function in Man

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Chlorpromazine on Pituitary Function

The Effect of Chlorpromazine on Pituitary Function

Alterations to Plasma Melatonin and Cortisol After Evening Alprazolam Administration in Humans

Neuroendocrine Study of the Mechanism of Action of Electroconvulsive Therapy

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