The effect of diabetes mellitus on rat skeletal extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue: An FTIR study

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, which is characterized by a defective insulin secretory response. Skeletal muscle takes role in determination of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, therefore; it is one of the target tissues of diabetes. Herein this study, application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in diabetic skeletal Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscle tissues will be presented which highlight the promise of this technique in medical research. Type I DM was induced in rats by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) which is one of the most popular experimental models. In diabetes, a significant increase was observed in lipid order together with an increase in hydration of phospholipid molecules in membrane structure. There was a decrease in lipid and nucleic acid content in diabetic EDL muscles. A dramatic increase in the bandwidth of amide II band (1540 cm−1) and shifting of the position of this band to lower frequency values in diabetes was observed indicating structural changes occurring in proteins of diabetic EDL muscles.

FT‐IR spectroscopy in diagnosis of diabetes in rat animal model

“…Rat liver microsomal membranes, kidney brush border membranes, EDL and SOL skeletal muscles were chosen for the study. Spectral parameters, such as shifts in peak positions, changes in bandwidths, intensities, and band area values of the infrared bands can be used to obtain valuable structural and functional information about the system of interest, which may have diagnostic value [20,23,26,27,32,39]. Figures 1A and 2A shows the representative spectra of control and diabetic liver microsomal and Figure 1 (A) The representative spectra of control and diabetic liver microsomal membranes in the 4000-1000 cm À1 region.…”

“…The tissue powder was mixed with dried potassium bromide (KBr) in a mortar (at a ratio of 0.5 mg : 150 mg) and redried in the freeze drier for 18 hours to remove all traces of remaining water. The mixture was compressed into a thin KBr disk under a pressure of $100 kg/cm 2 for 6 min in an evacuated die producing transparent disk for use in the FT-IR spectrometer [39].…”

“…As seen from the figures, in diabetic groups, the areas of the protein bands decreased in all liver, kidney and skeletal muscle samples, indicating that the protein content decreased in these samples [20,39,43]. Hyperglycaemia may cause and promote insulin resistance in type 1 and 2 diabetes, leading to decreased glucose uptake and glucose utilisation [59,60].…”

Molecular approach to the chemical characterization of fish-exuded kairomone: a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study

“…The spectral region between 1200 and 900 cm -1 is dominated by a complex sequence of superimposed peaks essentially due to C-O-C and C-O-P stretching vibrations of oligo-and polysaccharidic nature (Giordano et al 2001;Garip et al 2007;Gorgulu et al 2007). Other classes of compounds, such as lipopolysaccharides and nucleic acids, also have functional groups that display absorption bands, namely PO 2 -asymmetric (1260 cm -1 ) and symmetric (1110 cm -1 ) stretching vibrations of phosphate moieties, in the same region of the spectrum (Stehfest et al 2005;Hirschmugl et al 2006;Bozkurt et al 2007). The region between 900 and 600 cm -1 , which exhibits a variety of weak superimposed vibrations, is a spectral domain commonly referred to as the ''fingerprint region'' (Maquelin et al 2002;Garip et al 2007).…”

The Effects of Short-Term Chronic Ethanol Intoxication and Ethanol Withdrawal on the Molecular Composition of the Rat Hippocampus by FT-IR Spectroscopy

“…This property of the technique provides the accurate detection of small changes at a resolution even better than 0.01 cm −1 (Ozek et al., 2010). Therefore, it has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the structural and functional changes in molecules and has been commonly and successfully used in the characterization of macromolecular changes owing to different effects such as diseased state (Bozkurt et al., 2007, 2010), drugs (Garip and Severcan, 2010; Ozek et al., 2010), and other chemicals (Turker et al., 2011). In recent years, it has been widely used in the diagnosis of disease (Gaigneaux et al., 2006; Krafft et al., 2009), allowing for the detection of even very early alterations in tissues in diseased state (Bozkurt et al., 2010; Severcan et al., 2010).…”