The effect of COVID-19 derived cytokine storm on cancer cells progression: double-edged sword

Abstract

Objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) was first detected in Wuhan, China in December, 2019. The emerging virus causes a respiratory illness, that can trigger a cytokine storm in the body. Method Cytokine storm in patient’s body is associated with severe forms of disease. It is one of the main complications of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), in which immune cells play a major role. Studies have shown immune cells in the tumor environment can be effective to induce resistance to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Result Therefore, considering the role of immune cells to induce cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients, and their role to cause resistance to chemotherapy, they are effective on disease progression and creation of severe form of disease. Conclusion By examining the signaling pathways and inducing resistance to chemotherapy in tumor cells and the cells affect them, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of severe forms of the disease in cancer patients with COVID-19; it is applicable using target therapy and other subsequent treatment strategies.

Diagnosis and treatment of coagulopathy caused by the new coronavirus: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

“…Furthermore, the indirect effect of the systematic inflammation due to the cytokine storm should be considered for thrombotic events. [ 29 33 ] It has been reported that chronic oral anticoagulation reduces all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients. [ 34 ] In a review conducted by Gómez-Mesa et al .…”

“…[ 34 ] In a review conducted by Gómez-Mesa et al . [ 33 ] on 1,099 patients, thrombocytopenia and elevation of D-dimer were reported to be the most consistent hemostatic alterations in COVID-19 infection, associated with a higher requirement for mechanical ventilation, admission to intensive care, and death. Initial anticoagulant treatment with low molecular weight heparin reduced mortality by 48% at 7 days and 37% at 28 days and significant improvement in the arterial oxygen pressure/inspired fraction of O2 (PaO2/FiO2) by mitigating the formation of microthrombi and pulmonary coagulopathy.…”

COVID-19 in patients with anemia and haematological malignancies: risk factors, clinical guidelines, and emerging therapeutic approaches

“…However, chemotherapy in CLL and COVID-19 cases remains controversial, as it may increase the risk of cardiotoxicity, SARS-CoV-2-induced immunodeficiency, and prognosis [ 143 ]. To minimize treatment-induced immunodeficiency and drug interactions, it is therefore best to avoid chemotherapy in patients with comorbid CLL and COVID-19 [ 144 , 145 ].…”