Objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) was first detected in Wuhan, China in December, 2019. The emerging virus causes a respiratory illness, that can trigger a cytokine storm in the body. Method Cytokine storm in patient’s body is associated with severe forms of disease. It is one of the main complications of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), in which immune cells play a major role. Studies have shown immune cells in the tumor environment can be effective to induce resistance to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Result Therefore, considering the role of immune cells to induce cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients, and their role to cause resistance to chemotherapy, they are effective on disease progression and creation of severe form of disease. Conclusion By examining the signaling pathways and inducing resistance to chemotherapy in tumor cells and the cells affect them, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of severe forms of the disease in cancer patients with COVID-19; it is applicable using target therapy and other subsequent treatment strategies.
Background: Objective Structural clinical evaluation (OSCE) is newly emerging evaluation methods that has been used in recent years in the medical and paramedical fields. However, one of its disadvantages is that it causes anxiety, which, in turn, reduces the effectiveness of the test. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the OSCE test familiarity workshop effectiveness on test anxiety in anesthesia students and operating room of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Methods: This research was of quasi-experimental study nature performed on 72 students who were studying anesthesia and operating room. In doing so, the students in each class were randomly assigned into control and intervention groups. Then, a workshop was held one hour before the test to familiarize students with OSCE stations, how to ask questions and how to answer students in the intervention group. Then, the Spielberger questionnaire was also completed. Besides, data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 statistical software (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The highest frequency (52.77%) was related to anesthesia participants, of whom 58.33% were girls. The mean score of anxiety before the intervention was 48.15 7 7.15 which decreased to 30.80 98 6.98 after the intervention (P <0.042).
Background: The new coronavirus is an agent of respiratory infections associated with thrombosis in vital organs. This study aimed to propose a better diagnosis and treatment of coagulation disorders caused by the new coronavirus (Covid-19). Materials and Methods: Search in Cochrane central, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid will be done. Also, according to the inclusion criteria, cross-sectional studies, cohort, clinical trial, and case-control will be included without gender and language restriction. Participants will also be Covid-19 patients with coagulation disorders. Any disagreement in the stages of screening, selection, and extraction of data between the two reviewers will be resolved by discussion, then if not resolved, the opinion of expert reviewers will be used. The risk of bias will be assessed using the NOS (Newcastle–Ottawa scale) tool for cross-sectional study, cohort and case-control, and the Cochrane checklist for clinical trials study. Metaanalysis of included studies that are similar based on the methodology will be done. Also, a fixed or random-effect model will be used for this it. Heterogeneity indices (I2), odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), mean difference, and %95 confidence interval will also be calculated by Stata V.13.0 (Corporation, College Station TX). Results: Treatment with anticoagulants will reduce the severity of thrombosis and lung disease in patients. D-dimer measurement will also be a diagnosis indicator of thrombosis. Conclusions: Simultaneous study of coagulation disorders and thrombosis in patients and development of a Godliness based on it will play a treatment role in the follow-up of the coronavirus disease.
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