The effect of commercial nutrients to increase the population of Skeletonema costatum on laboratory and mass scales

Abstract

S. costatum is one type of phytoplankton used in the maintenance of fish, shrimp, and crab larvae, but most are given in the maintenance of tiger shrimp larvae (Penaeus monodon) from the phase of nauplius phase after zoea. S. costatum has the advantages found in the autolysis enzyme itself so that it is easily digested by the larvae and does not pollute the cultivation media. Therefore knowledge about how is the effect of nutrients in S. costatum commercial life of food culture on laboratory scale up to mass scale. The method S. costatum is generally started by sterilizing tools and materials, preparation of culture media for laboratory scale (2 liters), semi-mass scale (80 liters) and mass scale (2 tons), fertilizer application, seed selection, the cost of counting S. costatum cells with peak population depends on the 36th hour with the highest number of cells in each culture scale items, namely laboratory scale of 602.547 × 103 cells/mL, semi-mass scale of 484.713 × 103 cells/mL and mass scale of 133.757 × 103 cells/mL then the last process is harvesting until it becomes flour. The obstacles encountered are environmental problems such as unstable weather and can be contaminated.

Gastropod Community Structure as Environmental Change Signals for Tropical Status In Sedati Waters, Indonesia

“…The quality of water measured at the research site include DO, temperature, salinity and pH. DO was measured using DO meters, temperature using a thermometer, salinity using a refractometer and pH using a pH meter (Sari et al, 2018b;Azmi et al, 2020;Rinawati et al, 2020). The current and precipitation data is obtained from BMKG Sidoarjo and Tanjung Perak.…”

Providing feed from a mixed of chicken broth and chicken manure with different dosages on nutritional content Daphnia magna

“…Protein is the main source of energy which is composed of C, H, O, and N atoms while carbohydrates and fats do not contain N atoms (nitrogen) in which there are amino acids that are needed by fish [16]. Amino acids are simple organic materials which are nutrients needed by Daphnia magna in the early stages of life.…”

Providing a combination of chicken manure and broth in a different concentration to the production count of Daphnia magna

“…Daphnia magna cultivation using feed with various doses, suspension of different combinations of chicken manure and broth in Daphnia magna cultivation affects the survival rate and production amount. The concentration of protein, amino acids and fats in the feed affects the fecundity or production of offspring per brood and the speed of embryonic development in cladocera [8], as well as in Daphnia Magna when the quality and quantity of feed is given in a controlled manner, the possibility of producing optimal production will increase higher [11] and [12]. The combination of manure and chicken broth used in the cultivation media contained 52.66-60.95% protein, 12.15-18.46% carbohydrates, 20.36-21.5% fat, 6.8-8.5% fiber, 6.54-7.38% ash content, and 5.35-9.96% BETN content.…”