The Effect of Calcium Channel Blockers on Smoking-Induced Skin Flap Necrosis

Rinker, Brian; Fink, Betsy F.; Barry, Neil; Fife, Joshua A.; Milan, Maria E.

doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e3181ccdc60

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…They found that topical prostacyclin and prostaglandin E 1 enhanced flap survival in rats exposed to nicotine. Rinker et al (46) demonstrated that unfavourable effects of smoking in rats exposed to cigarette smoke could be reduced secondary to the vasodilatory effects of calcium channel blockers. There are studies investigating the effects and mechanism of action of BTX on flap healing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevention of unfavourable effects of cigarette smoke on flap viability using botulinum toxin in random pattern flaps: An experimental study

Karayel¹,

Kaya²,

Çaydere³

et al. 2015

CAN J PLAST SURG

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, 2R1 cigarettes were used based on the Kentucky University Tobacco criteria (45,46). A device designed to mimic human physiology was used ( Figure 1) and experimental animals were exposed to smoke.…”

Section: Btx and Csmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of unfavourable effects of cigarette smoke on flap viability using botulinum toxin in random pattern flaps: An experimental study

Karayel¹,

Kaya²,

Çaydere³

et al. 2015

CAN J PLAST SURG

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“…Substances such as buflomedil, human grythropoeitin, nicotine, hyaluronidase, pentoxifylline and dimethyl sulphoxide have been studied [8][9][10][11] . Also, other studies evaluated the effects of certain nonpharmacological resources such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation 12 , electroacupuncture 13 and low-potency lasers 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the topical administration of copaiba oil ointment (Copaifera langsdorffii) in skin flaps viability of rats

et al. 2013

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PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil ointment (Copaifera langsdorffii) on dorsal skin flaps in rats. METHODS:Adult male rats (n=30) were distributed into three groups of ten animals each, as follows: GC -control; GCA -absolute control and GT -treated with copaiba ointment. The rats were subjected to dorsal cutaneous skin flap surgery and the animals from the GC and GT received post-operative treatment for eight consecutive days. The animals from the GCA group did not receive treatment while the animals from the GC group received daily topical treatment of ointment without the active ingredient and the animals from the GT group were daily treated with 10% copaiba oil ointment. At the end of each experimental period the lesions were evaluated according to the percentage of necrotic area. Then, fragments from cranial, median and caudal parts were fixed in Boüin's solution and processed for paraffin embedding. The morphology of histological sections (5μm) was evaluated and the number of leucocytes, fibroblasts and blood vessels was also analyzed. The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA test complemented by Tukey-Kramer test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The necrotic area was lower in the group treated with copaiba ointment when compared to the control groups (GCA>GC and GT), while the morphology showed larger granulation tissue with bulky fibroblasts and collagen fibers more arranged in the GT group. The morphometry showed a significant higher number of blood vessels in the median and caudal parts (GT>GCA and GC), leucocytes in the cranial part (GT>GC>GCA), and also fibroblasts in the median (GT and GC> GCA) and caudal parts (GT>GC and GCA) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:The copaiba oil ointment favors angiogenesis and accelerates the viability of random skin flaps in rats.

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“…Böyle bir durumda kan akımında yetersizlik ortaya çıkması, deri flapi gibi revaskülarize olması gereken dokuların canlılığını riske atmaktadır 42,43 . Bu nedenle; vazokonstriksiyonun önlenmesi için KKB'leri ve antitrombositer etkisi olan ilaçlar oluşturulan hayvan modellerinde kullanılmış ve kan akımını düzenledikleri gösterilmiştir [41][42][43][44] . Bunun bir örneği sıçan karın duvarına yapılan deri flaplarinde verapamil uygulaması sonucu daha az nekroz geliştiğinin gösterilmiş olmasıdır 42 .…”

Section: Deri Flap Nekrozunun öNlenmesi Ve Tedavisinde Deneysel çAlışunclassified

Deri Hastalıklarında Kalsiyum Kanal Blokörlerinin Kullanımı

Polat¹,

Uzun²

2013

Turkderm

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ÖzetKalsiyum kanal blokörleri hipertansiyon, anjina, periferik damar hastalıkları ve bazı aritmi durumları da dahil olmak üzere çoğunlukla kalp damar hastalıklarında kullanılan bir ilaç grubudur. Bu ilaçlar vasküler düz kas hücrelerinin ve fibroblastların proliferasyonunu ve büyümelerini baskılayabilir, kollajen, fibronektin, proteoglikan gibi ekstrasellüler matriks proteinlerinin sentezini de inhibe edebilirler. Bazı kalsiyum antagonistleri lenfositler üzerinde immünmodülatör veya disimmünregülatör etkiye sahiptir ve superoksit salıverilmesini veya nötrofillerin fagositik aktivasyonunu baskılayabilirler. Ayrıca mast hücre degranülasyonu ve trombosit agregasyonunu da bozabilir. Sözünü ettiğimiz bu özellikler dikkate alındığında, kalsiyum kanal blokerleri yaygın olarak kullanıldıkları kardiyovasküler hastalıkların tedavisi dışında dermatolojik hastalıkların tedavisinde de yer bulabilmektedirler. Sunduğumuz bu derlemede kalsiyum kanal blokerlerinin Raynaud fenomeni, pernio, kronik anal fissür, vulvodini, keloidler ve yanık izleri, kalsinozis kutis, leiomiyom gibi çeşitli dermatolojik hastalıkların tedavilerindeki kullanımları değerlendirilecektir. Sum maryCalcium channel blockers are a group of drugs often used to treat cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, angina, peripheral vascular disorders and some arrhythmias. These drugs may suppress the growth and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, and inhibit the synthesis of extracellular-matrix proteins ,such as collagen, fibronectin, proteoglycans. Some calcium channel blockers also have immunomodulatory or dysregulatory effects on lymphocytes and can suppress superoxide generation and phagocytic activity of neutrophils. Moreover, mast cell degranulation and platelet aggregation may also be impaired. On account of these properties, calcium channel blockers have also been used for the prevention and treatment of various dermatologic diseases. In this review, we evaluated the use of calcium channel blockers in various dermatologic diseases, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, chilblains, chronic anal fissures, vulvodynia, keloids and burn scars, calcinosis cutis, and leiomyoma. (Turkderm 2013; 47: 75-9)

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The Effect of Calcium Channel Blockers on Smoking-Induced Skin Flap Necrosis

Cited by 33 publications

References 31 publications

Prevention of unfavourable effects of cigarette smoke on flap viability using botulinum toxin in random pattern flaps: An experimental study

Prevention of unfavourable effects of cigarette smoke on flap viability using botulinum toxin in random pattern flaps: An experimental study

Effects of the topical administration of copaiba oil ointment (Copaifera langsdorffii) in skin flaps viability of rats

Deri Hastalıklarında Kalsiyum Kanal Blokörlerinin Kullanımı

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