The effect of beverage storage packets (Tetra Pak™) waste on mechanical properties of wood–plastic composites

Ebadi, Masoud; Farsi, Mohammad; Narchin, Parvaneh; Madhoushi, Mehrab

doi:10.1177/0892705715618745

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…He et al studied the mechanical performance of WPCs prepared by blending tea residue with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) [11]. Ebadi et al investigated the physical and mechanical properties of WPCs based on wood powder to beverage storage carton waste in varying proportions [12]. Kajaks et al have studied the influence of modifiers on the rheological property and thermal stability property of plywood production residues polypropylene composites [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Research on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Plastic Composites

Wang

et al. 2018

Polymers

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The focus of this study was to observe the mechanical properties of bamboo plastic composites (BPCs) with bamboo pulp fiber (BPF) or white mud (WM). The essential work of fracture (EWF) methodology was used to characterize the impact toughness of BPCs. The results revealed an increase in flexural, tensile and impact properties, when adding the BPF in the BPCs. While the flexural properties of WM-reinforced BPCs revealed increasing, there was a decrease in tensile and impact strength. In an impact strength analysis study, BPF-filled BPCs showed excellent impact property over WM-filled BPCs; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) helps to explain impact fracture behavior of BPCs. EWF analysis of impact results showed that the specific essential work of fracture (we) increased significantly with the amount of BPF used in BPCs but decreased with the increase of WM in the BPCs. There was similar variation for the non-essential plastic work (βwp) of BPCs. This result indicates that the fracture initiation and fracture propagation of BPCs are different.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Research on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Plastic Composites

Wang

et al. 2018

Polymers

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“…Ebadi et al [34] blended LDPE (60%) and poplar timber powder (0 to 40%) with shredded aseptic cartons (0 to 30%); in some trials 3% MAPE (malic anhydride-grafted polyethylene) replaced 3% LDPE. Analysis of the injection molded samples showed that the composites containing 30% cartons and 3% MAPE had the highest strength and tensile modulus as well as the highest impact resistance.…”

Section: Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Aseptic Beverage Cartons: A Review

Robertson

2021

Recycling

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Aseptic beverage cartons are multilayer polymer-coated paperboards with a layer of aluminum foil. Due to their multilayer structure it is commonly assumed that they cannot be recycled. This is not the case and this review details the multifarious processes that are used to recycle aseptic beverage cartons. Hydrapulping to recover the paper fibers that constitute 75% of the carton is the most widespread process, followed by the manufacture of construction materials such as boards and tiles which utilize the complete carton. A range of mechanical, chemical and thermal processes are used to separate the PolyAl (polyethylene and aluminum) residual that remains after the paper fibers have been recovered. The simplest process involves agglutination followed by extrusion to obtain pellets that can then be used in industrial and consumer products or combined with other materials such as lignocellulosic wastes. Chemical approaches involve the solubilization of polyethylene and the removal of aluminum. Various thermal processes have also been investigated and a novel microwave-induced pyrolysis process appears the most commercially viable. It is concluded that the focus in future years is likely to be on recycling cartons into construction materials where there is a theoretical yield of 100% compared with 75% for hydrapulping.

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“…In part of the research, the cardboard is processed and incorporated into new composites [ 45 , 46 ]. Several investigations were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of cardboard made from recycled beverage cartons [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Other researchers used the waste cardboard in the form in which it was obtained [ 52 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Application of Lightweight Panels Made of Waste Cardboard and Beech Veneer

et al. 2021

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In recent years, the furniture design trends include ensuring ergonomic standards, development of new environmentally friendly materials, optimised use of natural resources, and sustainably increased conversion of waste into value-added products. The circular economy principles require the reuse, recycling or upcycling of materials. The potential of reusing waste corrugated cardboard to produce new lightweight boards suitable for furniture and interior applications was investigated in this work. Two types of multi-layered panels were manufactured in the laboratory from corrugated cardboard and beech veneer, bonded with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. Seven types of end corner joints of the created lightweight furniture panels and three conventional honeycomb panels were tested. Bending moments and stiffness coefficients in the compression test were evaluated. The bending strength values of the joints made of waste cardboard and beech veneer exhibited the required strength for application in furniture constructions or as interior elements. The joints made of multi-layer panels with a thickness of 51 mm, joined by dowels, demonstrated the highest bending strength and stiffness values (33.22 N∙m). The joints made of 21 mm thick multi-layer panels and connected with Confirmat had satisfactory bending strength values (10.53 N∙m) and Minifix had the lowest strength values (6.15 N∙m). The highest stiffness values (327 N∙m/rad) were determined for the 50 mm thick cardboard honeycomb panels connected by plastic corner connector and special screw Varianta, and the lowest values for the joints made of 21 mm thick multi-layer panels connected by Confirmat (40 N∙m/rad) and Minifix (43 N∙m/rad), respectively. The application of waste corrugated cardboard as a structural material for furniture and interiors can be improved by further investigations.

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The effect of beverage storage packets (Tetra Pak™) waste on mechanical properties of wood–plastic composites

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

Characterization and Research on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Plastic Composites

Characterization and Research on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Plastic Composites

Recycling of Aseptic Beverage Cartons: A Review

Structural Application of Lightweight Panels Made of Waste Cardboard and Beech Veneer

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