The focus of this study was to observe the mechanical properties of bamboo plastic composites (BPCs) with bamboo pulp fiber (BPF) or white mud (WM). The essential work of fracture (EWF) methodology was used to characterize the impact toughness of BPCs. The results revealed an increase in flexural, tensile and impact properties, when adding the BPF in the BPCs. While the flexural properties of WM-reinforced BPCs revealed increasing, there was a decrease in tensile and impact strength. In an impact strength analysis study, BPF-filled BPCs showed excellent impact property over WM-filled BPCs; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) helps to explain impact fracture behavior of BPCs. EWF analysis of impact results showed that the specific essential work of fracture (we) increased significantly with the amount of BPF used in BPCs but decreased with the increase of WM in the BPCs. There was similar variation for the non-essential plastic work (βwp) of BPCs. This result indicates that the fracture initiation and fracture propagation of BPCs are different.
Solid-state lithium (Li) metal batteries are widely used due to their excellent safety, superior energy density, and low cost. Nevertheless, the practical application of solid-state Li batteries is hindered by the inferior ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte and poor interface contact between the electrode and electrolyte. Herein, a flexible, hybrid ceramic-based electrolyte was fabricated by a solution-casting method using poly(vinylidene fluoride), Li 1.4 Al 0.4 Ti 1.6 (PO 4 ) 3 powders, and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. To realize high ionic conductivity and a stable self-viscous electrode/electrolyte interfacial contact simultaneously, a mixed solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and fluoroethylene carbonate was introduced by the solutioninfiltration method. The self-viscous Li 1.4 Al 0.4 Ti 1.6 (PO 4 ) 3 ceramic-based electrolyte exhibits superior ionic conductivity (2.4 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at 25 °C), a high ionic transference number (0.42), wide voltage window (4.8 V vs Li/Li + ), excellent thermal stabilities, and the ability to impede Li dendrite growth. In particular, the stable contact, low interfacial resistance, and fast ion-transport channels between the electrodes and solid electrolytes can be achieved by the self-viscous interfacial layer. The solid-state LiFePO 4 |Li battery assembled with the solid self-viscous electrolyte demonstrates a satisfactory initial discharge capacity of 138.0 mAh g −1 and capacity retention of 96.5% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C and under 25 °C. The self-viscous modification strategy of the solid electrolyte affords promising options for implementing the intimate electrode/electrolyte interfacial contact in high-energy-density solid-state batteries.
Third-party eavesdropping is a unsolved problem in the process of data transmission in the physical layer of IoT (Internet of Things) in Power Systems. The security encryption effect is affected by channel noise and the half-duplex nature of the wireless channel, which leads to low key consistency and key generation rate. To address this problem, a reliable solution for physical layer communication security is proposed in this paper. First, the solution improved the key consistency by dynamically adjusting the length of the training sequence during feature extraction; Second, using an iterative quantization method to quantify the RSS (Received Signal Strength) measurements to improve generation rate of the key. Finally, based on the short-time energy method for the extraction of wireless frame interval features, by monitoring the change of inter-frame interval features, we can quickly determine whether there is an eavesdropping device into the link. Simulation results show that the reciprocity of legitimate channels R (R will be explained in detail in the following) is improved by 0.1, the key generation rate is increased by about 70%, and the beacon frames are extracted from the wireless link with good results compared to the methods that do not use dynamic adjustment of the pilot signal during the channel probing phase. The result shows that this method can effectively prevents third-party eavesdropping, effectively improves the key consistency and generation rate, and effectively implements beacon frame detection.
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