The effect of ACTH on behavioral processes motivated by fear in mice

Korányi, L.; Endröczi, E; Lissák, K; Szepes, Éva

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(67)90066-2

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, in situations in which active avoidance behavior has stabilized and is suc-cessful,•attenuation of the pituitary-adrenal response is found. Koranyi, Endroczi, Lissak, and Szepes (1967) demonstrated that mice receiving ACTH prior to the delivery of shock in the passive avoidance paradigm showed greater suppression of approach behaviors than did controls. Guth, Seward, and Levine (1971) injected ACTH 10 min prior to the delivery of punishment and obtained significantly greater response suppression than they did with controls.…”

Section: Limbic System Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the confusion possibly stems from a lack of consideration of the learning variables that the hippocampus can affect. For example, Endroczi andZissak (1962, cited in Bohus, 1975) showed variable effects of hippocampal stimulation on adrenal response, depending on the stimulus frequency. However, when the animals were habituated to the stimulus, the various changes induced previously were not observed.…”

Section: Hippocampal Involvement In Motivational and Homeostatic Mechmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Cormier

1981

Psychobiology

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The contributions of three key limbic system structures-the amygdala, the hippocampus, and the septum-to human and animal behavior are analyzed, focusing primarily on learning and motivational variables. The amygdala is assumed to be part of a stimulus-analyzing system involved in the processing of reinforcers and salient cues. This system contributes to the formation of conditioned reinforcers and, thus, to the ability of arbitrary cues to control species specific behavior. The hippocampus is assumed to be part of a different stimulus-analyzing system which processes nonsalient stimuli. It habituates all stimuli not associated with reinforcement, this process occurring on any nonreinforced presentation. However, those nonsalient stimuli followed by reinforcement are registered as secondary cues. These cues are devoid of conditioned reinforcing properties. The septum is viewed as a coordinating structure that handles the flow of information between these two systems. The principles of operation of these structures are based on neurological and behavioral data from both animals and humans.

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Section: Limbic System Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hippocampal Involvement In Motivational and Homeostatic Mechmentioning

confidence: 99%

A match-mismatch theory of limbic system function

Cormier

1981

Psychobiology

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“…Too much NE inhibi tion, such as experimentally manipulating levels in an important processing substrate as the amygdala, may produce a disrup tion in an important component of the memory complex, the emotional attribute [e.g., Ellis and Kesner, 1982]. Too little NE inhibition of stress-related ACTH secre tion or an experimental excess of ACTH (especially in more stringent tasks) could have the consequences of what might be termed the 'blind fear' syndrome, with no particular memory of the proper context formed [e.g., Flood et al, 1976;Koranyi et al, 1967;fkWss et al, 1970]. Apparent en hancement of retention for avoidance re sponses, particularly in less severe tasks, may result from a moderate decrease in NE inhibition of ACTH or from a moder ate increase in ACTH secretion [e.g., Hay cock et al, 1977;Koranyi et al, 1967], The nature of the enhancement may involve a facilitation of the emotional component of the memory complex concerning the expe rience.…”

Section: Evidence From Neurophysiological Studies In Learning and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Too little NE inhibition of stress-related ACTH secre tion or an experimental excess of ACTH (especially in more stringent tasks) could have the consequences of what might be termed the 'blind fear' syndrome, with no particular memory of the proper context formed [e.g., Flood et al, 1976;Koranyi et al, 1967;fkWss et al, 1970]. Apparent en hancement of retention for avoidance re sponses, particularly in less severe tasks, may result from a moderate decrease in NE inhibition of ACTH or from a moder ate increase in ACTH secretion [e.g., Hay cock et al, 1977;Koranyi et al, 1967], The nature of the enhancement may involve a facilitation of the emotional component of the memory complex concerning the expe rience. More astute observations of sub ject behavior, particularly stereotypic stress behaviors, during retention tests for appropriate avoidance or escape re sponses may be in order.…”

Section: Evidence From Neurophysiological Studies In Learning and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Aversive Information Processing: A Temporal Trade-Off Hypothesis

Me¹

1982

Brain Behav Evol

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There is often a temporal relation in survival probabilities in life-threatening situations such as predator-prey encounters. As a situation intensifies or becomes more immediately dangerous, reflex responses usually dominate behavior, resulting in there being less time available to gather information for more complex processing by higher brain substrates. The only information to form a memory of such a threatening experience may be some neural code for 'avoid' (or a negative emotional attribute) and the context in which the experience has occurred. Hence, memory for aversive experiences may be more labile while reflexive responses to danger become much less labile to experimental manipulation as the severity of the threat increases. Natural selection may have preferentially acted on escape and avoidance responses such that plasticity to make decisions concerning other options in increasingly dangerous arenas may be much more limited. The possibility that time becomes a trade-off in an organism's attempt to more fully evaluate characteristics of a perceived threat underlies the 'temporal trade-off hypothesis'.

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“…Animals studied include the rat (Murphy & Miller, 1955), cat (Endroczi & Lissak, 1962), mouse (Koranyi et al, 1967), rabbit (Bertolini et al, 1969), dog (Ferreri et al, 1963), monkey (Mirsky et ai, 1953), and man (Cleghorn, 1952). Some of the behaviors include: sexual behavior (Bertolini et aI, 1969), the "stretching syndrome" (Ferrari et al, 1963), active avoidance (Murphy & Miller, 1955), passive avoidance (Weiss et al, 1969), and CER (Levine & Jones, 1965).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%