The economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma due to occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure

Tompa, Emile; Kalcevich, Christina; McLeod, Chris; Lebeau, Martin; Song, Chaojie; McLeod, Kim; Kim, Joanne; Demers, Paul A.

doi:10.1136/oemed-2016-104173

Cited by 44 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Occupational Cancer Research Center (OCRC), has established in early months of 2009, to solve this problem in Ontario. The aim of this center was to detect carcinogenic agents, and preventing, and eventually removing their exposure in the work place, by monitoring and scientific researches, and intervention and distribution of knowledge [56].…”

Section: Carex Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

CARcinogen EXposure: CAREX

Yari

Asadi

Jarrahi

et al. 2018

Asian Pac J Envi & Cancer

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Cancer is the second common cause of death worldwide and a significant ratio of all cancers is related to occupational and living environments. On the other side, cancer prevalence could be controlled and prevented via policies to improve occupational and living environments. However, a main challenge in prevention of occupational cancer is the lack of knowledge about the exposure rate and number of exposed persons. CAREX database, which is established by the program of Europe against cancer, provides information for the number of exposed persons based on country, carcinogen, and type of industry. CAREX is established in early years of 1990 decade by Finland Institute of Health (FIOH) in cooperation with IARC and European experts, as a tool for estimation of the burden due to occupational cancer in Europe, and shortly thereafter is expanded for use in almost 15 countries in European Union by 55 industrial groups. Several other countries have used CAREX for their countries and have provided some main progressions for the performance model. CAREX project in Canada was modeled in 2007, in an effort to develop a Canadian specific and advanced tool for assessing exposure to carcinogenic agents based on EU CAREX. In this model, not only occupational exposure, but also environmental exposure has been considered. Estimation of exposure with CAREX helps to inform primary prevention activities and to improve global occupational cancer, and its strength points are systematic nature, good coverage and ease of use, and can be used in other countries of the world.

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Section: Carex Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

CARcinogen EXposure: CAREX

Yari

Asadi

Jarrahi

et al. 2018

Asian Pac J Envi & Cancer

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“…Lung cancer holds the majority of cancer‐related deaths in the world 1,2 . Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is generally diagnosed and its most common histologic subtype, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), remains at high levels of morbidity 3‐6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PYCR1 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion by affecting JAK/STAT signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma

Gao

Luo

Xie

et al. 2020

Molecular Carcinogenesis

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Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), as a form of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the most frequently diagnosed lung cancer worldwide. To date, a few biomarkers have been reported to provide valuable information in guiding LUAD treatment. The aim of our study was to explore the functional role of pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) in LUAD. Based on Oncomine database, we found that PYCR1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues. We also confirmed an abnormal increase of PYCR1 expression in LUAD cell lines and patients' tissues. Through Kaplan‐Meier plotter database, we further studied the prognostic values of PYCR1. The outcomes indicated that overexpressed PYCR1 associated with poor prognosis among LUAD patients. To further study the function of PYCR1 in LUAD, cell counting kit‐8, colony‐forming, scratch wound healing, and Transwell assays were conducted. The results suggested that knockdown of PYCR1 curbed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in LUAD cell lines. Subsequently, we identified 50 top genes positively and negatively correlated with PYCR1 in LUAD, and conducted biological pathway enrichment analysis of these genes. Among those enriched pathways, we selected JAK/STAT signaling pathway for further analysis. The results of Western blot assays revealed that PYCR1 knockdown significantly increased the expression of Bcl‐2 and c‐Myc, and the phosphorylation level of JAK2 and STAT3. Taken together, this study unearthed that PYCR1 knockdown could inhibit tumor growth and affect the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in LUAD. This study may contribute to a better understanding of PYCR1 in LUAD and provide a potential biomarker for cancer prognosis.

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“…These are three sub-categories of the economic burden of lung cancer cases, which are estimated based on our previous study [16]. We identify the direct cost of lung cancer in three categories: healthcare [33], out-of-pocket costs [39], and informal caregiving costs [40], and assume it follows a Gaussian distribution [41].…”

Section: Lung Cancer Direct Indirect and Intangible Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of getting a silicarelated occupational disease for workers of different age and sex also has a high degree of uncertainty, since latent health conditions such as lung cancer are influenced by multiple factors not easily recognized as attributable to occupational silica exposures [14]. The cost of respiratory disease treatment is also an uncertain variable as it depends on, amongst other things, the stage of the disease and the age and sex of the individual [15,16]. In terms of the effectiveness of a silica exposure reduction interventions, the maximum is achieved by appropriate and systematic use of an intervention, which is not always the case in practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Expert feedback also helps us to identify variables and interactions that were overlooked when first developing the model. In the third step, we identify the probability distributions of variables, drawing on several scientific literatures in epidemiology [25,26], occupational cancer economic burden studies [4,16], and silica exposure reduction interventions [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Once the distributions of independent variables are determined, we compute the probability distributions of conditional variables according to the knowledge of their parents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A probabilistic approach for economic evaluation of occupational health and safety interventions: a case study of silica exposure reduction interventions in the construction sector

et al. 2020

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Background: Construction workers are at a high risk of exposure to various types of hazardous substances such as crystalline silica. Though multiple studies indicate the evidence regarding the effectiveness of different silica exposure reduction interventions in the construction sector, the decisions for selecting a specific silica exposure reduction intervention are best informed by an economic evaluation. Economic evaluation of interventions is subjected to uncertainties in practice, mostly due to the lack of precise data on important variables. In this study, we aim to identify the most cost-beneficial silica exposure reduction intervention for the construction sector under uncertain situations. Methods: We apply a probabilistic modeling approach that covers a large number of variables relevant to the cost of lung cancer, as well as the costs of silica exposure reduction interventions. To estimate the societal lifetime cost of lung cancer, we use an incidence cost approach. To estimate the net benefit of each intervention, we compare the expected cost of lung cancer cases averted, with expected cost of implementation of the intervention in one calendar year. Sensitivity analysis is used to quantify how different variables affect interventions net benefit. Results: A positive net benefit is expected for all considered interventions. The highest number of lung cancer cases are averted by combined use of wet method, local exhaust ventilation and personal protective equipment, about 107 cases, with expected net benefit of $45.9 million. Results also suggest that the level of exposure is an important determinant for the selection of the most cost-beneficial intervention. Conclusions: This study provides important insights for decision makers about silica exposure reduction interventions in the construction sector. It also provides an overview of the potential advantages of using probabilistic modeling approach to undertake economic evaluations, particularly when researchers are confronted with a large number of uncertain variables.

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The economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma due to occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

CARcinogen EXposure: CAREX

CARcinogen EXposure: CAREX

PYCR1 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion by affecting JAK/STAT signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma

A probabilistic approach for economic evaluation of occupational health and safety interventions: a case study of silica exposure reduction interventions in the construction sector

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