The Earthworm (Lumbricus Rubellus) Extract Decreased Amino Transaminase Enzyme Level and Number of Bacterial Colony in Male Wistar Rats Infected With Salmonella Typhimurium

Abstract

Lumbricus rubellus earthworm is known having antioxidant and antibacterial properties such as Polyphenolic, Glycoprotein G-90, and Lumbricin I. These substances also work as hepatoprotective agents in the parenchymal cell damage due to infection. This study aims to determine the antioxidant properties of earthworm extract (Lumbricus rubellus) in reducing the levels of ALT, AST, and a number of the bacterial colony in male Wistar rats infected by Salmonella thypimurium as a model of S.typhii infection. Posttest-only control group design method was carried out in 28 samples which divided into 4 treatment groups. The blood samples were taken for the ALT and AST measurement on day 18. The bacterial colony measurement was conducted by growing the bacteria in the feces with Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The ALT levels in T2 were significantly decreased (P<0.05; 25.9 ± 5.50 U/L), followed by T1 (P<0.05; 35.6 ± 1.46 U/L). The AST levels in the T2 and T1 groups were also significantly decreased (P<0.05; 81.4 ± 13.44 U/L and 107.8 ± 9.45 U/L respectively). The bacterial colony of S.thypimurium was also significantly decreased in the T2 and T1 with the mean of 6.89 ± 2.06 x 10-1 and 8.38 ± 2.15 x 10-1 respectively. The Kruskal-Wallis test found a significant difference between variable groups (P < 0.05), but the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant difference only between T1 and T2 group for the bacterial colonies (P = 0.180). The Lumbricus rubellus extract have a hepatoprotective and antibacterial properties by significantly reduce the levels of amino transaminase enzyme (ALT and AST) and bacterial colonies of S.thypimurium in male Wistar rats.