The Diffusion of Environmental Policy Innovations: A Contribution to the Globalisation of Environmental Policy

Kern, Kristine; Jörgens, Helge; Jänicke, Martin

doi:10.2139/ssrn.653583

Cited by 30 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Other articles, however, linked to the broader literature on common property regimes (CPRs) or "the commons" and were strongly informed by scholars such as Ostrom (1990) and Agrawal (2001), among others (e.g., Corbera et al 2009, Fisher et al 2010, Muñoz Escobar et al 2013. Swallow et al (2010) integrated multiple theoretical perspectives in their analysis including examining the conditions necessary for policy diffusion provided by Kern et al (2001). Despite the strong connections of several articles to the broader theoretical literature, over half the articles we reviewed were not clearly linked to a theoretical perspective and were largely theory neutral.…”

Section: Linking Payments For Ecosystem Services (Pes) Enabling Condimentioning

confidence: 99%

Social-ecological enabling conditions for payments for ecosystem services

Huber-Stearns¹,

Bennett²,

Posner³

et al. 2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. The concept of "enabling conditions" centers on conditions that facilitate approaches to addressing social and ecological challenges. Although multiple fields have independently addressed the concept of enabling conditions, the literature lacks a shared understanding or integration of concepts. We propose a more synthesized understanding of enabling conditions beyond disciplinary boundaries by focusing on the enabling conditions that influence the implementation of a range of environmental policies termed payments for ecosystem services (PES). Through an analysis of key literature from different disciplinary perspectives, we examined how researchers and practitioners refer to and identify enabling conditions within the context of PES. Through our synthesis, we identified 24 distinct enabling conditions organized within 4 broad themes: biophysical, economic, governance, and social-cultural conditions. We found that the literature coalesces around certain enabling conditions, such as strong ecosystem science and existing institutions, regardless of disciplinary background or journal audience. We also observed key differences in how authors perceive the direction of influence for property type, program objectives, and number of actors. Additionally, we noted an emphasis on the importance of the contextual nature of many enabling conditions that may cause certain conditions to have a disproportionate impact on successful implementation in some circumstances. Unraveling the relative importance of specific enabling conditions in diverse contexts remains a research frontier. Ultimately, no single disciplinary perspective is likely to provide all necessary insights for PES creation, and given the intertwined nature of enabling conditions, practitioners need to consider insights from multiple dimensions. Our work suggests opportunities to better connect diverse conversations through integration of concepts, a common vocabulary, and a synthetic framework.

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Section: Linking Payments For Ecosystem Services (Pes) Enabling Condimentioning

confidence: 99%

Social-ecological enabling conditions for payments for ecosystem services

Huber-Stearns¹,

Bennett²,

Posner³

et al. 2017

E&S

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“…The national government is both the subject and object of global environmental policy learning and lesson-drawing (Rose, 1993;Bennett, 1991;Kern et al, 2001;Tews et al, 2003). Compared with actors at other policy levels national governments are relatively strong players acting under the highest pressure for innovation in relevant problem areas.…”

Section: In the Context Of Multi-level Environmental Governance The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Jänicke¹

2005

Eur. Env.

134

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There is reason to believe that environmental policy convergence resulting from policy diffusion is influenced not only by functional imperatives of the world market, but also by a collective behaviour of national governments, where pioneer countries function as (intellectual) leaders under conditions of uncertainty. Their solutions for general environmental problems are adopted by other countries. As a rule, there is one single solution that is preferred by a large group or the majority of countries. This regulatory 'conformism' makes pioneer roles of countries highly relevant. The article analyses the character and role of such 'trend-setters' in environmental policy.A necessary condition for becoming a pioneer country in environmental policy is a high domestic capacity for environmental policy-making. This encompasses institutional, economic and informational framework conditions as well as the relative strength of the green advocacy coalition of a country. While these factors refer to relatively stable factors of policy-making, this does not explain why sometimes countries give up their roles as pioneers. To explain this, an analytical framework is proposed that encompasses situative factors, strategic factors and actor constellations, especially the coalition between organized proponents of environmental objectives and economic modernizers. This coalition of ecological modernizers may break down, for example in times of economic crisis. The political and economic framework conditions of globalization may sometimes bear impediments for pioneers, but at the same time they also provide incentives for highly advanced countries to take over national pioneer roles -at least in the field of environmental protection, which has become an important issue in the competition for innovation.

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“…This resulted in a list of factors that various authors have posited as important or necessary for successfully scaling up and/or out from a pilot stage (Rogers, 1962(Rogers, , 2010Rogers and Shoemaker, 1971;Granovetter, 1978;Kemp et al, 1998;Kern et al, 2001;Moore, 2002;Gershon, 2009;Rosenberg, 2011;World Health Organization ExpandNet, 2011;Management Systems International, 2012;Ardoin et al, 2013;Butler et al, 2013;Sutton and Rao, 2014, UNDP Small Grants Programme, Stanford ChangeLabs, unpublished). While some of these authors cited real-world examples of scaling success throughout their papers (Kern et al, 2001;Rosenberg, 2011;World Health Organization ExpandNet, 2011;Management Systems International, 2012;Ardoin et al, 2013 UNDP Small Grants Programme), the discussion of which factors were most important to ensure success were largely theoretical. Furthermore, we found no empirical evaluations of the association of these factors with scaling success.…”

Section: Putative Principles For Scaling Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many of the factors and principles that authors have suggested will improve the individual-individual transmission of ideas may also be useful when considered in a larger-scale context, there are other factors that appear to be important in the spread of innovations between groups. For example, Kern et al (2001) describe conditions likely to facilitate or hinder the spread of environmentally-relevant policies from one country to another. In their book Scaling Up Excellence, Sutton and Rao (2014) detail an extensive set of principles and tactics they argue can ease and ensure the successful growth of companies and organizations across sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Achieve Conservation Outcomes at Scale: An Evaluation of Scaling Principles

Battista

Tourgee

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The importance of scaling initiatives that promote environmental protection and conservation is almost universally recognized. But how is scaling best achieved? We empirically evaluated the relationship of a list of factors that have been postulated to facilitate successful scaling to the degree of scaling success achieved in 56 case studies from a variety of sectors. We identified 23 factors that are significantly associated with successful scaling, defined as self-replication: an innovation that is congruent with local sociocultural patterns, takes advantage of existing scaled infrastructure, and facilitates a paradigm shift; adequate resources and constituencies for scaling, secured from the start, drawn from both within and outside the system; pilot sites that reflect conditions at future sites rather than ideal conditions; clear and deliberate scaling expectations and strategy; capitalization on economies of scale; a project team that has a unifying vision, includes both individuals who helped design the innovation and members of the target audience, and empowers users with the requisite skills; target audiences that take ownership of the project; the provision of long-term support systems; ongoing learning about the factors influencing scaling; direct management of relevant supply and demand streams; targeted marketing and dissemination efforts; and the evaluation of scaling success indicators. We also explored correlations between these principles, and identified a group of principles that together explain nearly 40% of the variance in success: the provision of long-term support systems (or one of its surrogates: turning users into partners, a user organization with wide reach, and the empowerment of the target audience with requisite skills); resources mobilized from within and outside the system; user organizations that have the capacity to implement the innovation; innovations that are platform solutions and that provide rapid feedback; and pilot sites that have realistic conditions relative to future sites. Our results suggest that for scaling to be successful: (1) scaling must be considered at all stages of a project; (2) the context must be managed and barriers to scaling must be identified and removed and (3) deliberate attention must be paid to scaling methods, marketing and dissemination efforts, and long-term monitoring of scaling progress.

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The Diffusion of Environmental Policy Innovations: A Contribution to the Globalisation of Environmental Policy

Cited by 30 publications

References 78 publications

Social-ecological enabling conditions for payments for ecosystem services

Social-ecological enabling conditions for payments for ecosystem services

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

How to Achieve Conservation Outcomes at Scale: An Evaluation of Scaling Principles

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