The Development of the Map of Extreme Ice Loads for ASCE Manual 74

Jones, Kathleen F.; Thorkildson, Ron; Lott, J. N.

doi:10.1061/40642(253)2

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…1, the model employed to develop the ice accretion hazard map for Canada was based on the model presented in Chaine and Skeates (1974) and Chaine and Castonguay (1974). Other practical models could also be used to predict the ice accretion thickness (Goodwin et al 1983;Jones et al 2002). The model proposed by Goodwin et al (1983) assumes that all the drops collected freeze on the wire.…”

Section: Practical Models For Predicting Ice Accretion Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAN/CSA-C22.3 (Canadian Standards Association 2006) indicated that the ice accretion for an icing event initiates with the first occurrence of freezing precipitation and continues until either the temperature rises to above 1 °C or 24 hours have passed without further freezing precipitation. Jones et al (2002) pointed out that the choice of when a freezing rain storm ends affects both the maximum wind-on-ice load and the maximum ice accretion thickness at the end of the storm.…”

Section: Practical Models For Predicting Ice Accretion Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) simple model (Jones 1998;Jones et al 2002) is based on the assumption that the collision efficiency is 100%, the rain water impinging on the cylinder sticks to and freezes on the cylinder, and the ice accretes is uniformly around the circumference of the cylinder. The uniform radial ice thickness on a circular cylinder, ∆R (mm), for an icing event is then given by: where P j (mm/h) is the precipitation rate during the j-th hour, V j (m/s) is the wind velocity during the j-th hours, W j = 0.067P j 0.846 (g/m 3 ) (Best 1949) is the liquid water content of the rain-filled air during the j-th hour, and ρ i and ρ w are in g/cm 3 , and N is the duration of the storm in hours.…”

Section: Practical Models For Predicting Ice Accretion Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are other models that can be used to predict ice accretion thickness and map ice accretion hazard. Several authors (Jones 1998(Jones , 2019Lamraoui et al 2013;Nygaard et al 2014;Jarrett et al 2019;Jeong et al 2018Jeong et al , 2019 discussed and compared some of the practical models, including the models by Chaine and Castonguay (1974), Goodwin et al (1983), and the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) simple model (Jones 1998;Jones et al 2002). A more detailed discussion of these models, including the assessment of the concurrent wind speed, is provided in subsequent sections of this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Estimating and Mapping Extreme Ice Accretion Hazard and Load Due to Freezing Rain at Canadian Sites

Sheng

Tang

Hong

2023

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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The ice accretion load in Canadian structural design codes is developed based on an operational ice accretion prediction model. In the present study, three models are employed to predict the ice accretion amount on a flat surface and horizontal wire at Canadian sites. The results confirm that the model used by Canadian practice for predicting ice accretion leads to a conservative estimate as compared to the remaining two models. The results also indicate that the use of the Gumbel distribution for the annual maximum ice accretion is adequate for regions prone to ice accretion and that the lognormal distribution may be considered for regions with a moderate or negligible amount of ice accretion. Maps of the ice accretion hazard at five selected Canadian sites are developed. Statistical analysis of an equivalent wind speed that is concurrent with the iced wire is carried out, showing that the concurrent wind speed for the 50-year return period value of the annual maximum ice accretion amount is smaller than the 50-year return period value of the annual maximum wind speed. It is shown that the statistical characteristics of the annual maximum concurrent wind speed on iced wire differ from that of the annual maximum wind speed.

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Section: Practical Models For Predicting Ice Accretion Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practical Models For Predicting Ice Accretion Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practical Models For Predicting Ice Accretion Amountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Estimating and Mapping Extreme Ice Accretion Hazard and Load Due to Freezing Rain at Canadian Sites

Sheng

Tang

Hong

2023

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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“…Storms were chosen for investigation if the modeled equivalent radial ice thickness (Jones 1996, Jones et al 2002 on a wire perpendicular to the wind direction was about 0.5 in. or more at one or more of 490 stations with full-time hourly weather data and daily or, for some stations, 6-hourly precipitation data.…”

Section: Freezing-rain Stormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Winter Weather in the Continental U.S. and Global Climate Cycles

Daly¹,

Friddell²,

Jones³

et al. 2004

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The relationship between severe winter weather in the United States and global climate indices is investigated using data from 1950 to 2002. Winter severity is characterized by accumulated freezing degree-days (AFDD) and damaging freezing rain storms. The first eigenvector of the AFDD anomaly, based on data from 2282 weather stations, shows a pattern in which the entire country tends to be either warmer or colder than average, while the second eigenvector has opposite deviations in the East and West. The relationship between the first three principal component time series and five climate indices, PDO, SOI, PNA, NAO, and Northern Hemisphere temperatures, is investigated using step-wise linear regression. This analysis shows that the most important indices for explaining the annual variation in AFDD are the NAO and PNA. An estimate of the AFDD anomaly for the winter of 2003 using analog years to hindcast the climate indices significantly underestimates the warmth in the West and the cold in the Northeast. The annual variation in the area and path of ice storms is only weakly correlated with the NAO. However, the averages of the SOI and NAO in winter months with ice storms are closer to zero than their averages in winter months without ice storms. This investigation will be extended to other regions of the world to characterize the regional AFDD as well as summer temperature patterns and determine their relationships to global climate cycles

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Meteorological Extremes

Lombardo¹,

Pintar²,

Possolo³

et al. 2012

Encyclopedia of Environmetrics

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This article reviews basic principles of the statistical analysis of large extreme values (EVs), the role of simulations in the development of relevant meteorological data sets, the interaction between the EV modeling process and its application to engineering, and specific issues pertaining to wind, snow, ice, storm surge, and ocean waves. Classical approaches and the peak over threshold approach (POT) to the estimation of univariate extreme value distributions are briefly described. The distributions include: the Gumbel (Type I), Fréchet (Type II), reverse Weibull (Type III) extreme value distributions. One version of the POT approach relevant for meteorological extremes describes the joint observation of the time and magnitude of the threshold exceedance as a two‐dimensional nonhomogeneous Poisson process. It is noted that the dependence on direction of the extreme meteorological quantities of interest plays an important role in the estimation of extreme effects of these quantities on engineering structures. Also noted are the relative paucity of data on freezing rain and associated glaze ice accretion, and difficulties encountered in the estimation of tornado wind speeds. The article is concluded with some brief comments on multivariate extremes.

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The Development of the Map of Extreme Ice Loads for ASCE Manual 74

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Estimating and Mapping Extreme Ice Accretion Hazard and Load Due to Freezing Rain at Canadian Sites

Estimating and Mapping Extreme Ice Accretion Hazard and Load Due to Freezing Rain at Canadian Sites

Severe Winter Weather in the Continental U.S. and Global Climate Cycles

Meteorological Extremes

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