The development of seaweed farming as a sustainable coastal management method in Indonesia: an opportunities and constraints assessment

Zamroni, Achmad; Laoubi, Khaled; Yamao, Masahiro

doi:10.2495/sdp110421

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The average age found in this study was nearly the same as that in a previous study done by [20] in the Spermonde Islands, Indonesia. The percentage of farmers older than 55 was10.93 per cent.…”

Section: Respondent Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Seaweed farming and fishing appear as a viable option for livelihood on average in the age group of 40 years in Lemo villlage. This result was similar to that found in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia [20] and in North Sulawesi, Indonesia [18] where the farmers mostly have a primary level of education. In addition, the low level of education among farmers needs to be solved by specific training efforts to enable them to better take up their farming activities [18].…”

Section: Respondent Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Income of Seaweed Farming Households: A Case Study From Lemo of Indonesia

Aslan

Supendy

Taridala

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Abstract. Seaweed farming is widely considered to be a profitable source of income and lucrative livelihood for coastal communities in Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze the income of seaweed farming households in the village of Lemo, Poleang Tenggara sub district, Bombana district, SE Sulawesi, Indonesia. This paper also assess perception of farmers and their participation in diversified livelihoods. A formal household survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire covering the patterns of income from seaweed farming, fishing, and other occupations of 64 selected respondents. Results show that all respondents engaged in a combination of seaweed farming and fishing and non-fisheries activities. However, seaweed farming has the highest contribution to household income of all activities. In addition, themajority of seaweed farmer households in Lemo village have incomes below the National Poverty Line due to the low quality of human resources; lack of qualified farming technology, especially qualified seedlings plus lack of access to marketing networks, information and communication. Therefore, some recommendations for improving the seaweed farming methods need to be implemented.

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Section: Respondent Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Respondent Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 88%

Income of Seaweed Farming Households: A Case Study From Lemo of Indonesia

Aslan

Supendy

Taridala

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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show abstract

“…According to Msuya (2011) and Zamroni and Yamao (2011), some men on Unguja started participating in seaweed farming as an alternative livelihood activity after failing in their main livelihood activities like fishing. Contrary to the men from Pemba Island, Zanzibar Island has fewer alternative income generating activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health problems related to algal bloom among seaweed farmers in coastal areas of Tanzania

Aziza¹,

Flower²,

Margareth³

et al. 2018

J. Public Health Epidemiol.

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There is a scarcity of research-based data on the factors associated with skin irritation due to algal blooms in seaweed farming. Changes in temperature with an increase in nutrients levels lead to the growth of harmful algal blooms, which produce many active metabolites, some of which induce toxic responses in human including skin irritation. The objective of this study was to identify health problems experienced by seaweed farmers and the seasons when they occur, and how these are treated. A crosssectional study design was used to gather data using structured questionnaire, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The study was conducted between June and August 2015, in six villages, two from Mainland, and four from Zanzibar Islands, Tanzania. Study revealed that seaweed more than 50% of farmers experienced skin irritation problem, followed by 30.4% who had eye related problems, and only 19.6% had respiratory disorders as the most serious. Hot season, which is associated with algal blooms, was the period with the highest occurrence of skin irritation. No specific medication was used to treat the health problems reported. In some severely affected areas, farmers could not tend to their farms for months, a situation which affected their income. It is suggested that the findings from this study would reduce this knowledge gap and motivate stakeholders especially the policy makers to implement measures, which reduce the health problems observed due to algal blooms in the seaweed farmers.

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“…Conservationists and representatives of the seaweed industry have promoted seaweed mariculture as a sustain-able alternative livelihood to overfishing or destructive fishing practices (Sievanen et al 2005;Zamroni et al 2011;Robinson & Cruz 2015), although seaweed farming alone has not been found to reduce fishing pressure (Sievanen et al 2005) and has positive and negative impacts on farmers themselves (Supporting Information). Seaweed mariculture is also considered more environmentally benign than aquaculture of fish or crustaceans because cultivated seaweed neither requires feed nor produces organic or inorganic waste (Bryceson 2002;Rönnbäck et al 2002).…”

Section: Seaweed Cultivation As An Alternative Livelihoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts and implications of tropical carrageenophyte seaweed farming

Kelly

Cannon

Smith

2020

Conservation Biology

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Field‐based cultivation of Kappaphycus and Eucheuma seaweeds is widespread across the tropics and is largely done to extract the polysaccharide carrageenan, which is used in commercial applications. Although such seaweed farming has been cited as a sustainable alternative livelihood to destructive fishing, there has not been a comprehensive review of its environmental impacts to assess its potential conservation benefit. We reviewed the peer‐reviewed and industry gray literature to determine what is known about seaweed farming techniques and their impacts on local ecosystems, organisms, and ecosystem services. We identified 43 tropical or subtropical countries that are currently cultivating or have cultivated carrageenophytes. Ecosystem impacts of seaweed farming were measured directly in 33 publications with variable results. Placement of seaweed farms above seagrass beds led to reduced productivity and shoot density in 5 studies and reduced or altered meiofaunal abundance and diversity in 6 studies. On coral reefs, overgrowth of corals by farmed seaweed species was documented in 8 cases. Two studies showed changes to herbivorous fish communities in adjacent areas because seaweed farms changed the environment, whereas in 2 studies measures of overall abundance or diversity did not change. The impacts of seaweed farming may not be as destructive as some other human activities, but they should still be considered when establishing new farms or managing existing farm sites. Our findings are consistent with suggestions to mitigate impact on local ecosystems by shifting seaweed farms to deeper, sandy‐bottom areas. However, some of these changes may adversely affect farmers and associated communities.

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The development of seaweed farming as a sustainable coastal management method in Indonesia: an opportunities and constraints assessment

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Income of Seaweed Farming Households: A Case Study From Lemo of Indonesia

Income of Seaweed Farming Households: A Case Study From Lemo of Indonesia

Health problems related to algal bloom among seaweed farmers in coastal areas of Tanzania

Environmental impacts and implications of tropical carrageenophyte seaweed farming

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