The Degree of Determination of National Accounting Systems — An Empirical Investigation

Abstract

and also thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and Schmalenbach-Gesellschaft für Betriebswirtschaft e.V. (SG) for financial support. Special thank to John Flower and Franziska Ohle for checking the use of my English language.

Investor Protection and Earnings Management: An International Comparison

“…Consistent with this view, Enriques (2000) argues that UK and the US laws on director self-dealing are stricter and are more reliant on disclosure than those in Germany or Italy. Similarly, d' Arcy (2000) shows that…”

An analysis of earnings management by European private firms

“…First, the disutility from current taxes is greater than the disutility from future taxes of the same amount. Second, there is a nonzero probability that future accrual reversals do not result in tax savings, for example, when reversals occur in loss years.4 In 1989, when Spain implemented the Fourth and Seventh EU Company Law Directives in its legislation, Spain used the accounting reform to make far-reaching changes and to establish a clear separation between tax accounting and financial accounting regulation(D'Arcy, 2000). This leads us to classify Spain as a country with low tax and financial accounting alignment.…”

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of IFRS Adoption on Disclosure Quality and Earnings Management

“…41 Consequently, IFRS differ substantially from German GAAP. Importantly, international accounting standards are said to require a greater amount of disclosures (Leuz and Verrecchia, 2000;Ashbaugh, 2001) and provide fewer accounting choices than German GAAP (d 'Arcy, 2000). These features potentially constrain earnings management and therefore might lead to the intended increase in transparency of financial reporting.…”