The contribution of phytoplankton in the carbon adsorption and stock during shrimp culture in brackishwater ponds

Abstract

Abstract. Widigdo B, Rifqi M, Mashar A, Nazar F, Wardiatno Y. 2020. The contribution of phytoplankton in the carbon adsorption and stock during shrimp culture in brackishwater ponds. Biodiversitas 21: 5170-5177. In environmental point of view, it is important to determine the potential of adsorption and stock of blue carbon during shrimp farming in ponds with three cultivation technologies namely: extensive/traditional, semi-intensive, and intensive. The aquatic primary productivity approach is used to measure the potential of carbon adsorption in shrimp ponds, while the carbon conversion of chlorophyll-a content is used to measure its stock. The primary productivity and chlorophyll-a content were measured using three ponds for each cultivation technology every ten days from stocking (DOC 0) until the harvest period. The sampling location is in the BLUPPB shrimp pond area of Karawang, West Java - Indonesia. The study concluded that the adsorption and stock of blue carbon varied during shrimp farming in ponds. The primary productivity and chlorophyll-a content of the three cultivation technologies were the significant difference as the results of ANOVA Single Factor. Carbon adsorption average during extensive/traditional, semi-intensive, and intensive shrimp farming in ponds was 1.912832 g C m-3 day-1, 7.097145 g C m-3 day-1 and 8.250195 g C m-3 day-1, respectively. While, the average carbon stock during shrimp farming in extensive/traditional, semi-intensive, and intensive ponds were 0.64896 g m-3, 14.97473 g m-3, and 25.11102 g m-3, respectively.

Low Carbon Emission Shrimp Farming Development Model

“…However, there are still limited studies that explain the potential for carbon uptake and Rifqi et al 2022 storage during the shrimp farming process in aquaculture. Furthermore, there is a potential for carbon absorption by phytoplankton and carbon stocks in the form of phytoplankton and shrimp/fish biomass (Widigdo et al, 2020). Estimation of GHG emissions during shrimp farming in ponds is the key to predicting the impact of shrimp farming on global warming (Vasanth et al, 2016).…”

Gaining Aquaculture Blue Growth with Low Carbon Emission Shrimp Farming Technology

“…The extent of converted mangroves and low land productivity (Kauffman et al, 2017), inefficient production inputs, and improper management of wastewater (Rifqi et al, 2020) have resulted in high carbon emissions per unit volume of production. Carbon emissions will accumulate with other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.…”

“…To arrange a coastal area management plan for blue growth and a sustainable shrimp culture area with low carbon emissions could consider dynamics of carbon (CO2 and CH4 emissions), sequestration and stock carbon, and shrimp farming profit (Table 1). Source: 1) = Processed from Siikamäki et al, (2013); Kauffman et al, (2014); Liu et al, (2014); 2) = Processed from Rifqi et al, (2020); 3) = Widigdo et al, (2020) Blue growth of shrimp farming areas gains by minimizing CO2 and CH4 emissions, maximizing carbon sequestration, carbon stock, and business profit from shrimp farming activities, and harmonizing the use of coastal resources with users and other activities. Minimizing carbon emissions as a greenhouse gas will support the continuity and sustainability of aquaculture (Ahmed et al, 2017b), and maximize carbon sequestration and stock contributed by aquaculture to carbon deposits.…”

“…The potential CO2 emissions of shrimp ponds are 4.37 kg m -2 years -1 from the embankment and 1.60 kg m -2 years -1 from the bottom of intensive shrimp ponds (Sidik and Lovelock, 2013), from the use of fossil fuels of 89.48-751.87 kg CO2 day -1 , and CH4 emissions of 0.45-64.61 mg kg -1 of waste year -1 in semi-intensive ponds (Dewata, 2013). The CO2 and CH4 air-water interface fluxes from pond waters differ in three shrimp cultivation technologies (Rifqi et al, 2020).…”

“…On the other side, shrimp culture in ponds can adsorb carbon by phytoplankton photosynthetic activity, and biomass of phytoplankton and fish/shrimp as carbon stocks (Mitra and Zaman, 2015;Widigdo et al, 2020). Meanwhile, phytoplankton biomass as a carbon stock is still discussed by the experts because of its relatively short life cycle and does not own its organic-rich sediments.…”