The Contribution of Motor Changes to Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lucena, Nyellisonn Nando Nóbrega de; Damascena, Lecidâmia Cristina Leite; Ribeiro, Isabella Lima Arrais; Lima-Filho, Luiz Medeiros de Araujo; Valença, Ana Maria Gondim

doi:10.3390/ijerph16183395

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…The higher incidence of hematologic neoplasms, observed in our study sample, was also reported on literature ( 4 , 7 , 18 ). Among the hematologic malignancies, there was a predominance of acute lymphoid leukemia (50.0%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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The incidence of severe oral mucositis and its occurrence sites in pediatric oncologic patients

Guimarães¹,

Carvalho²,

Damascena³

et al. 2021

Med Oral

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Background Childhood cancer is one of the main causes of child mortality and its treatment has debilitating effects on the oral cavity. Several oral mucositis (SOM) is one of the most common and may cause undesirable symptoms such as pain and risk of systemic infection. Material and Methods This was a longitudinal, retrospective, and observational study determining the incidence of severe oral mucositis (SOM) and its occurrence sites in pediatric oncologic patients, in João Pessoa, Brazil, between 2013 and 2018. Data from 56 patients aged 1 to 18 years were collected from their medical records and through an oral mucosa examination, from the 1st to 5th week of chemotherapy treatment (CT) using the modified Oral Assessment Guide, by previously calibrated examiners (Kappa index > 0.7). The data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, and Odds Ratios were calculated. Results Most patients were females (54.5%), aged 8.8 years (± 4.8), with hematologic tumors (73.2%), predominantly Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (50.0%). An increase in the occurrence of SOM was observed throughout the CT ( P = 0.05), ranging from 12.5% in the 1st to 35.7% in the 5th CT week. In the 1st CT week, there was a predominance of alterations in the lips (5.5%) and saliva (5.5%), while in the 5th, the jugal / palate mucosa (21.4%) remained the most affected site by SOM. Differences in the severity of SOM in the jugal / palate mucosa ( P = 0.01) and labial mucosa ( P = 0.04) were observed over time. In the 5th CT week, the likelihood of developing SOM was 13.3-fold higher (95% CI: 1.5 - 105.6) in patients with hematologic tumors. Conclusions The incidence of SOM was higher in the 5th CT week, most commonly affecting the jugal / palate mucosa, and patients with hematologic tumors were more prone to develop SOM. Key words: Mucositis, oncology, pediatric dentistry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Oral complications are more frequent in patients with hematologic malignancies ( 18 ). A study conducted in India identified a higher incidence of oral mucositis in those with hematologic cancer ( 15 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence of severe oral mucositis and its occurrence sites in pediatric oncologic patients

Guimarães¹,

Carvalho²,

Damascena³

et al. 2021

Med Oral

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“…Although a correlation between age and the number of episodes of mucositis was not detected in our patients (21), the incidence of mucositis was significantly higher in children aged >10 years. We hypothesized that this result is linked to the lower ability for oral mucosa renewal in older children (22) and the less attention paid by adolescents to oral hygiene.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…These two chemotherapeutic agents are among the drugs with the greatest risk of causing mucositis. This was confirmed by the higher incidence of mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy for leukemia, for whom treatment with anthracyclines and methotrexate is essential, as observed in previous studies (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Recent studies have reported a difference in the prevalence of mucositis in relation to sex. However, these data are not homogeneous as some investigators reported a female predominance ( 20 ), whereas others noted a male predominance ( 21 ). In our population, there was no difference in relation to sex observed; hence, it appears that sex is not a factor influencing the occurrence of mucositis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Management of Oral Mucositis in Children With Malignant Solid Tumors

et al. 2021

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IntroductionIn recent years, the use of intensive regimens for the treatment of pediatric cancer has led to a marked improvement in patient survival. However, these treatments are associated with an increase in toxic effects. Among these side effects, mucositis (inflammation of the oral cavity) significantly affect the success of treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of mucositis in a pediatric population with solid tumor and undergoing chemotherapy, identify the risk factors that influence its occurrence, and verify the usefulness of pain rating scales.MethodsWe registered episodes of mucositis which occurred in a sample of 84 consecutive children with solid tumors between 1 January, 2012 and 30 April, 2018. The World Health Organization (WHO) oral mucositis grading scale and the modified Wong–Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBS) were used to assess the severity of each episode. Moreover, data on the treatments used and blood count results were collected.ResultsThe prevalence of mucositis in our population was 50%, without statistically significant difference according to sex and a higher prevalence observed in patients aged >10 years. The presence of neutropenia, higher number of cycles of chemotherapy, and co-existence of lymphomas and sarcomas were identified as factors favoring the occurrence of mucositis. The WBS showed results superimposed on the WHO oral mucositis grading scale in choosing the intensity and duration of mucositis treatment.ConclusionOral mucositis is a common complication of chemotherapy against childhood malignancies. The WHO oral mucositis scale is a valuable tool for assessing its severity in pediatric patients. Furthermore, WBS can be used as an assessment tool to establish the therapy to be adopted for patients in whom direct evaluation of the oral cavity is not possible.

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Unstimulated salivary flow and oral streptococci in pediatric patients with hematological tumors: A longitudinal study

Araújo

Costa

Ribeiro

et al. 2021

Special Care in Dentistry

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Aims:To evaluate the unstimulated salivary flow (USF) and salivary colonization of total Streptococcus spp. (TS) and mutans-group (MS) in pediatric patients with hematological tumors. Correlations of salivary and microbiological changes with chemotherapy and patient-related factors were also verified. Methods and Results: Eligible children (n = 31) were evaluated before (control) and after (2, 5, and 10-weeks) the chemotherapy protocol was applied. Saliva samples were collected by the traditional spitting method to determine the USF (ml/min). Salivary TS and MS were determined by colony-forming units (CFU ) counts in a selective medium. The caries experience was evaluated by DMFT/dmft indexes. Data were submitted to Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation tests (α = 0.05). The USF rate at baseline was 0.89 (±0.73) ml/min with up to 20% reduction during the follow-up and did not differ statistically during chemotherapy (p > .05). Chemotherapy did not modify the salivary TS load (p > .05), but induced a dysbiotic shift with higher MS counts (∼ 5 fold-increase) at 10-weeks (p < .05). There is a correlation of USF with age (r = .390) and SM load with caries experience (r s = −.540) at 5-weeks. Conclusion:Chemotherapy may promote a specific increase of mutans-group streptococci without changing the Streptococcus spp. load and unstimulated saliva flow. Correlation reinforced the need for further enlightenment about the chemotherapy mechanisms in the salivary and microbiological parameters.

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The Contribution of Motor Changes to Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

The incidence of severe oral mucositis and its occurrence sites in pediatric oncologic patients

The incidence of severe oral mucositis and its occurrence sites in pediatric oncologic patients

Management of Oral Mucositis in Children With Malignant Solid Tumors

Unstimulated salivary flow and oral streptococci in pediatric patients with hematological tumors: A longitudinal study

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