The consequences of opening the Sunda Strait on the hydrography of the eastern tropical Indian Ocean

Setiawan, Riza Yuliratno; Mohtadi, Mahyar; Southon, John; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Steinke, Stephan; Hebbeln, Dierk

doi:10.1002/2015pa002802

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In contrast, the more northern region such as the Okinawa and Luzon Strait (NH; Dang et al, ; Sun et al, ), as well as a record off Sumatra in the eastern Indian Ocean (Mohtadi et al, ), do not present a predominant Holocene trend as shown in Figures a and d, and in the low R 2 values (<0.14) and high p and f values. The lack of a predominant Holocene trend is consistent with lower resolution records from this same region (Mohtadi et al, ; Setiawan et al, ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Temperature Evolution of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool Over the Holocene and the Last Deglaciation

Moffa-Sánchez

Rosenthal

Babila

et al. 2019

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) contains the warmest surface ocean waters on our planet making it a major source of heat and moisture to the atmosphere. Changes in the extent and position of the IPWP likely impacted the tropical and global climate in the past and may also do in the future. With the aim to put recent ocean changes into a longer temporal context, we present new paleoceanographic sea surface temperature reconstructions from the heart of the Western Pacific Warm Pool, which is the warmest region within the IPWP, across the last 17,000 years. To provide an improved spatial and temporal regional context we use new and published sea surface temperature records from the IPWP and update previous compilation efforts (Linsley et al., 2010, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1920). We similarly conclude that the IPWP was warmer in the early Holocene compared to the late Holocene. However, with the new data we are able to argue against a western displacement/expansion of the IPWP and suggest a warmer southern IPWP in the early Holocene. We explore the potential drivers of the Holocene IPWP cooling and propose a combination of processes including changes in the monsoonal winds associated with the position of the rain belt, the tropical Pacific mean climate, and upper water column mixing. The proposed climatic processes differentially impacted the IPWP subregions resulting in spatially diverse trends. Additionally, the late deglacial section of the records mostly show a gradual IPWP warming similar in structure to the atmospheric CO 2 and/or Antarctica rising temperatures.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Temperature Evolution of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool Over the Holocene and the Last Deglaciation

Moffa-Sánchez

Rosenthal

Babila

et al. 2019

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…Another factor influencing δ 18 O sw is the variability in current circulation and lateral advection of isotopic signals within the Indonesian archipelago (Dang et al, ; Gibbons et al, ; Setiawan et al, ). The pronounced decrease in δ 18 O sw in the Makassar Strait and Flores Sea during the B‐A is synchronous with the rapid sea level rise during MWP 1a at ~14.5 ka (Hanebuth et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglacial Warming and Hydroclimate Variability in the Central Indonesian Archipelago

Schröder

Kuhnt

Holbourn

et al. 2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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We present centennial‐scale records of sea surface temperature and oxygen isotopes from the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, and northwestern Banda Sea, which provide new insights into the variability of Indonesian hydroclimate over the past 25 kyr. Deglacial warming was generally gradual with an amplitude of 3–4 °C. Statistical evaluation of the temperature data suggests that the onset of deglacial sea surface temperatures warming in the tropical Indonesian Sea occurred earlier than the global atmospheric CO2 rise. In contrast to previous terrestrial precipitation records, our ice volume‐corrected δ18O of seawater (δ18Osw) does not support widespread aridity in central Indonesia during the last glacial period. While δ18Osw was substantially enriched during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas, δ18Osw values were only ~0.2‰ heavier during the Last Glacial Maximum than during the Holocene. Heavier δ18Osw during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas either reflects a decline in precipitation amount and/or increased δ18O of rainfall in central Indonesia, both likely caused by a southward displacement of the tropical rain belt. Comparison of the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, and Banda Sea records suggests that rainfall isotope and/or amount changes were comparable over Borneo and Sulawesi during the last termination.

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“…Transport across the Sunda Strait during the southeast monsoon/boreal summer (blue pathway—Figure b) ranges from 0.7 to 0.83 ± 0.20 Sv (Putri, ; Susanto et al, ), and is 0.24 ± 0.10 Sv during the northwest monsoon/boreal winter (magenta pathway—Figure b; Susanto et al, ). It is also of great importance that off the Sunda Strait and southern Java is the center of the eastern pole of the Indian Ocean Dipole (10°S to 0°N and 90°E to 110°E), and during positive Indian Ocean Dipole events, low salinity water from the Java Sea significantly affects sea surface temperature and upwelling along the southern coast of Java‐Sumatra (Saji et al, ; Setiawan et al, ; Susanto et al, ; Xu et al, ; Xue et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Carbonate System in the Western Indonesian Seas During the Southeast Monsoon

et al. 2020

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We present a unique water column data set of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TAlk) from a cruise to the western Indonesian Seas during the southeast monsoon, covering the Karimata Strait, western Java Sea, and Sunda Strait. Salinity-normalized TAlk (NTAlk) in the surface water ranged 2,297-2,348 μmol kg −1 , very close to typical values observed in the tropical ocean. In the Karimata Strait, the Kapuas River plume was observed, featuring low salinity, DIC, and TAlk. In the western Java Sea, where waters were well mixed, we observed relatively homogeneous distributions of salinity, DIC, and TAlk. In the Sunda Strait, waters intruding from the Java Sea occupied the upper layer, and below was the Indian Ocean water with lower values of salinity, DIC, and TAlk. In its deep portion, depth profiles of normalized DIC and NTAlk were very similar to those observed in the Indian Ocean. Physical processes and air-sea gas exchange exerted predominant controls on the carbonate system in the Karimata Strait and western Java Sea. While both processes play large roles in the Sunda Strait, a net DIC removal of 31 ± 23 μmol kg −1 in the surface mixed layer were revealed. The drawdown of DIC is consistent with an overall supersaturation of dissolved oxygen (102-107%), suggesting significant organic carbon production. In the subsurface-intermediate waters of the Sunda Strait mainly influenced by the advection of Indian Ocean water, a net DIC consumption of 54 ± 45 μmol kg −1 was distinct, likely stimulated by the nutrients supplied from the Indian Ocean. Plain Language SummaryResearch on the carbonate system in the tropical regime of the Indonesian Seas is minimal, which hampers our understanding to its essential role in interbasin exchanges of material and energy via the Indonesian throughflow. Here we present a unique data set to examine the dynamics of the carbonate system in the western Indonesian Seas. Based on DIC and TAlk relationships, we show that water mass mixing in the western Indonesian Seas during the southeast monsoon is dominated by zonal wind-mixed waters from the plume of the Kapuas River, the Java Sea and South China Sea mixed water, and the subsurface Indian Ocean water. These processes resulted in homogenous distributions of physical properties and carbonate system parameters. However, biologically mediated DIC consumption occurred in the surface mixed layer of the Sunda Strait, which led to an increase in dissolved oxygen saturation, the saturation state of aragonite (Ω arag ), and pH. Overall, our region was a source of atmospheric CO 2 as previously reported, although the controlling processes may vary with respect to time at both seasonal and interannual timescales.

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The consequences of opening the Sunda Strait on the hydrography of the eastern tropical Indian Ocean

Cited by 39 publications

References 68 publications

Temperature Evolution of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool Over the Holocene and the Last Deglaciation

Temperature Evolution of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool Over the Holocene and the Last Deglaciation

Deglacial Warming and Hydroclimate Variability in the Central Indonesian Archipelago

Dynamics of the Carbonate System in the Western Indonesian Seas During the Southeast Monsoon

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