The Commodity Life Cycle Costing Indicator. An Economic Measure of Natural Resource Use in the Life Cycle

Mela, Giulio; Carvalho, Maria Leonor; Temporelli, Andrea; Girardi, Pierpaolo

doi:10.3390/su13094870

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…An exception is the resource use, minerals and metals, impact category that is also stated, although at level III, for its paramount importance in the field of energy storage. However, as discussed later, resource consumption has also been addressed with a further indicator, life cycle commodities costing [25], described in Section 3.2.…”

Section: Goal and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

LCA and C-LCC Indicator as Tools for Sodium-Ion Batteries’ Eco-Design

Carvalho,

Cusenza,

Mela

et al. 2023

Energies

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Sodium-ion batteries are considered promising alternatives to lithium-ion technology; however, the diffusion on a commercial scale is hindered by the struggle to identify materials with high electrochemical performances. Studies available in the literature are mainly focused on electrochemical performance and neglect aspects related to the environmental sustainability. In fact, the current state-of-the-art (presented in this study) shows that life cycle assessment (LCA) studies related to the production processes of electrode materials for Na-ion batteries are still very limited. The LCA methodology applied during the development of a technology phase can constitute a valid support for an eco-oriented design and, therefore, to the choice of solutions characterized by a lower environmental impact with the same electrochemical performance. In this context, a life cycle-based environmental–economic assessment was performed to evaluate the environmental impacts of the production process of cathode and anode materials for sodium-ion batteries. The study is focused on the cathodic active material Na0.66MnO2, considering two synthesis paths, and the anodic material consisting of tin (Sn) and Sn-carbon nanofiber (Sn-Cn) active material, binder, and other additives. Results illustrate the environmental performance of the different materials and constitute a useful input for their selection within an eco-design view.

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Section: Goal and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

LCA and C-LCC Indicator as Tools for Sodium-Ion Batteries’ Eco-Design

Carvalho,

Cusenza,

Mela

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…The environmental performances of SIBs and LIBs, assessed with LCA techniques, have been measured also in terms of resource use through the Commodity Life Cycle Cost indicator (C-LCC) [5]. Such an indicator is based on market prices and quantifies, in monetary units, the extent to which a product exploits natural resources during its life cycle.…”

Section: Commodity Life Cycle Cost Indicator (C-lcc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an indicator is based on market prices and quantifies, in monetary units, the extent to which a product exploits natural resources during its life cycle. The indicator is inspired by LCA and life cycle costing (LCC) techniques: costs are treated like characterization factors, while the classification and characterization phases are performed, such as in a conventional Life Cycle Impact Assessment [5].…”

Section: Commodity Life Cycle Cost Indicator (C-lcc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this perspective, a life cycle approach represents an appropriate way to assess environmental and economic impacts, using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and an economic indicator, the Commodity Life Cycle Costing (C-LCC) which quantifies, in economic terms, natural resources use during a product life cycle, focusing on those characterized by a high degree of supply risk (critical materials) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium-Ion Batteries with Ti1Al1TiC1.85 MXene as Negative Electrode: Life Cycle Assessment and Life Critical Resource Use Analysis

et al. 2022

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Electrochemical storage systems are an enabling solution for the electric system ecological transition, allowing a deeper penetration of nonprogrammable renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar energy. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are state of the art energy storage technology. Nevertheless, LIBs show critical problems linked to their production, especially for what concerns energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and rare raw materials use. Finding alternative storage technologies seems crucial for support energy transition, but at the same time, it is important to study their sustainability from the very beginning of their technological development. Using this framework, this paper presents a life cycle based environmental-economic assessment, comparing Na-ion coin cells (Ti1Al1TiC1.85 MXene as anode material) with LIBs. LCA results show that the assessed Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are less environmentally friendly than LIBs, an outcome driven by the SIBs’ lower energy density. However, if results are shown by mass, SIBs can represent potential alternatives to LIBs. On the other hand, the analysis shows that even Na-ions already use less critical resources, both in absolute and in relative values, highlighting the need, at least for the European Union, to find valid alternatives to LIBs if the 2050 decarbonization targets are to be met.

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“…Life cycles are widely considered in the discourse about sustainability in general, or for specific applications, such as toys or even circular economies [5][6][7]. Generally, it is no surprise that cost information and cost structures are seen as appropriate indicators for ES (e.g., reference [8]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Sustainability by Using Life Cycle Cost Information in the Buying Center: Insights from the Public Sector

et al. 2022

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Following the triple-bottom-line approach, sustainability comprises not only an ecologic and a social dimension but also an economic one. In that sense, economic sustainability (ES) tries to achieve a state in which present economic activities do not place a disproportionate burden on future economic activities. The time-related dimension of ES is of interest for this research, because procurement management makes use of life cycle cost (LCC), which is an instrument to measure long-term economic effects. LCC information could help to consider ES, but practice struggles to consider the information. This research addresses this issue and merges organizational information processing with organizational buying behavior theory. Empirically, it reports original insights into eight cases in the public sector. Decisions in the cases are usually made by councils (buying centers); as such, a group of people with different backgrounds must be informed with ES LCC information. The findings show ES LCC information requirements, capabilities, and fit, as well as information distribution and perception in buying centers. As such, the cases provide indications as to which decisions in the project are influenced by ES LCC information. Overall, the analysis integrates two theoretical perspectives and provides strong indications that LCC is a promising instrument to link decision making with a sustainability rational.

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The Commodity Life Cycle Costing Indicator. An Economic Measure of Natural Resource Use in the Life Cycle

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

LCA and C-LCC Indicator as Tools for Sodium-Ion Batteries’ Eco-Design

LCA and C-LCC Indicator as Tools for Sodium-Ion Batteries’ Eco-Design

Sodium-Ion Batteries with Ti1Al1TiC1.85 MXene as Negative Electrode: Life Cycle Assessment and Life Critical Resource Use Analysis

Economic Sustainability by Using Life Cycle Cost Information in the Buying Center: Insights from the Public Sector

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